軛
See also: 轭
軛 - Translingual
Han character
軛 (Kangxi radical 159, 車+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十十一尸山 (JJMSU), four-corner 51012, composition ⿰車厄)
軛 - Chinese
| trad. | 軛 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 轭 | |
| alternative forms | 軶 | |
Glyph origin
Ideogrammic compound (會意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qreːɡ) : semantic 車 (“chariot”) + phonetic 厄 (OC *qreːɡ, “yoke”) – specialized form of 厄.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): aak1
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): ak4
- Hakka
- (Sixian, PFS): ak
- (Meixian, Guangdong): ag5
- Min Bei (KCR): ă̤
- Min Dong (BUC): áik
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): 5ngeq
- Xiang (Wiktionary): nga4 / nge6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: è
- Zhuyin: ㄜˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: è
- Wade–Giles: o4
- Yale: è
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: eh
- Palladius: э (e)
- Sinological IPA : /ˀɤ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: aak1
- Yale: āak
- Cantonese Pinyin: aak7
- Guangdong Romanization: ag1
- Sinological IPA : /aːk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ak4
- Sinological IPA : /ak̚²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ak
- Hakka Romanization System: ag`
- Hagfa Pinyim: ag5
- Sinological IPA: /ak̚²/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: ag5
- Sinological IPA: /ak̚¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ă̤
- Sinological IPA : /ɛ²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: áik
- Sinological IPA : /aiʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: eh
- Tâi-lô: eh
- Phofsit Daibuun: eq
- IPA (Quanzhou): /eʔ⁵/
- IPA (Xiamen): /eʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ek
- Tâi-lô: ik
- Phofsit Daibuun: eg
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /iɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iak
- Tâi-lô: iak
- Phofsit Daibuun: iag
- IPA (Quanzhou): /iak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
Note:
- Xiamen, Quanzhou:
- eh - vernacular;
- ek/iak - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: êh4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: eh
- Sinological IPA : /eʔ²/
- (Teochew)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: 5ngeq
- Sinological IPA : /ŋəʔ¹²/
- (Shanghainese)
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: nga4 / nge6
- Sinological IPA : /ŋa̠⁴⁵/, /ŋɤ̞²⁴/
- (Changsha)
Note:
- nga4 - vernacular;
- nge6 - literary.
- Middle Chinese: /ʔˠɛk̚/
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 軛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 耕 (119) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 於革切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| ZhengzhangShangfang | /ʔˠɛk̚/ |
| PanWuyun | /ʔᵚæk̚/ |
| ShaoRongfen | /ʔɐk̚/ |
| EdwinPulleyblank | /ʔəɨjk̚/ |
| LiRong | /ʔɛk̚/ |
| WangLi | /æk̚/ |
| BernardKarlgren | /ʔæk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | e |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ak1 |
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*qˤ<r>[i]k/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qreːɡ/
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 軛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | è |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ʔɛk › |
| Old Chinese | /*qˁ<r>[i]k/ |
| English | part of a yoke |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 軛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 2711 |
| Phonetic component | 戹 |
| Rime group | 錫 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 戹 |
| Old Chinese | /*qreːɡ/ |
| Notes | 原從戹 |
Definitions
軛
Compounds
Descendants
軛 - Japanese
Kanji
軛
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)