萬
萬 - Translingual
Han character
萬 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+9, 13 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 12 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿田中月 (TWLB), four-corner 44427, composition ⿱艹禺)
Derived characters
Related characters
- 万 (Japanese shinjitai and Simplified Chinese)
萬 - Chinese
trad. | 萬 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 万* | |
alternative forms |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 萬 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Pictogram (象形) – scorpion. This character's original meaning has been lost, and the derivative 蠆 (OC *m̥ʰraːds) refers to the original word.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): maan6
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): man5
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): maan6
- Gan (Wiktionary): uan5
- Hakka
- (Sixian, PFS): van
- (Meixian, Guangdong): van4
- Jin (Wiktionary): van3
- Min Bei (KCR): uāing
- Min Dong (BUC): uâng
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien, POJ): bān
- (Teochew, Peng'im): bhuêng7 / bhuang7
- Wu (Wiktionary): 3me; 3ve
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: wàn
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wàn
- Wade–Giles: wan4
- Yale: wàn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wann
- Palladius: вань (vanʹ)
- Sinological IPA : /wän⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: wan4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: uan
- Sinological IPA : /uan²¹³/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ван (van, III)
- Sinological IPA : /væ̃⁴⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: maan6
- Yale: maahn
- Cantonese Pinyin: maan6
- Guangdong Romanization: man6
- Sinological IPA : /maːn²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: man5
- Sinological IPA : /ᵐban³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: uan5
- Sinological IPA : /uan¹¹/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: van
- Hakka Romanization System: van
- Hagfa Pinyim: van4
- Sinological IPA: /van⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: van4
- Sinological IPA: /ʋan⁵³/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: van3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /væ̃⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: uāing
- Sinological IPA : /uaiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: uâng
- Sinological IPA : /uɑŋ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Philippines, Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bān
- Tâi-lô: bān
- Phofsit Daibuun: ban
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Singapore): /ban²²/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /ban⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ban³³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: bhuêng7 / bhuang7
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: buēng / buāng
- Sinological IPA : /bueŋ¹¹/, /buaŋ¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Philippines, Singapore)
- bhuêng7 - Chaozhou;
- bhuang7 - Shantou.
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: 3me; 3ve
- Sinological IPA : /me̞²³/, /v̥e̞²³/
- (Shanghainese)
- 3me - colloquial (only in 萬子);
- 3ve - literary ("ten thousand", etc.).
- Middle Chinese: /mʉɐnH/
Rime | |
---|---|
Character | 萬 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
Final (韻) | 元 (66) |
Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
Openness (開合) | Closed |
Division (等) | III |
Fanqie | 無販切 |
Baxter | mjwonH |
Reconstructions | |
ZhengzhangShangfang | /mʉɐnH/ |
PanWuyun | /mʷiɐnH/ |
ShaoRongfen | /miuɐnH/ |
EdwinPulleyblank | /muanH/ |
LiRong | /miuɐnH/ |
WangLi | /mĭwɐnH/ |
BernardKarlgren | /mi̯wɐnH/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex | wàn |
Expected Cantonese Reflex | maan6 |
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.ma[n]-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*mlans/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
---|---|
Character | 萬 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | wàn |
Middle Chinese | ‹ mjonH › |
Old Chinese | /*C.ma[n]-s/ |
English | 10000 |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
---|---|
Character | 萬 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
No. | 12633 |
Phonetic component | 萬 |
Rime group | 元 |
Rime subdivision | 1 |
Corresponding MC rime | 万 |
Old Chinese | /*mlans/ |
Definitions
萬
Compounds
|
|
|
Descendants
Others:
- → Bouyei: faanh (“ten thousand”), Wanq (surname)
- → Proto-Hmong: *wi̯aŋꟲ (“ten thousand”)
- → Kavalan: ban (“ten thousand”)
- → Khmer: ម៉ឺន (məɨn), ហ្មឺន (məɨn, “ten thousand; official rank”)
- → Lao: ໝື່ນ (mư̄n), ຫມື່ນ (mư̄n, “ten thousand; official rank”)
- → Middle Korean: 즈믄 (cumun, “thousand”)
- → Middle Mongol: ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ (tümen, “ten thousand”)
- → Shan: မိုၼ်ႇ (mùen, “ten thousand”)
- → Thai: หมื่น (mʉ̀ʉn, “ten thousand; official rank”)
- → Proto-Tocharian:
- Tocharian A: tmāṃ (“ten thousand”)
- Tocharian B: t(u)māne (“ten thousand, a myriad”)
- → Proto-Tungusic:
- → Proto-Turkic: *Tümen (“ten thousand; an infinitely large number”)
- Turkish: tümen (“ten thousand”)
- → Vietnamese: muôn (𨷈, “ten thousand; all, many”), man (“ten thousand”)
- → Zhuang: fanh (“ten thousand”)
萬 - Japanese
Kanji
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 万)
Readings
Compounds
Proper noun
萬 • (Yorozu) ←よろづ (yorodu)?
- a surname
萬 • (Yorozu)
- a surname
Proper noun
萬 • (Ban)
- a surname
Proper noun
萬 • (Man)
- a female given name
- a surname
萬 - Korean
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ma̠(ː)n]
- Phonetic hangul: [만(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
萬 (eumhun 일만(一萬) 만 (ilman man))
Compounds
萬 - Vietnamese
Han character
萬: Hán Việt readings: vạn, muôn 萬: Nôm readings: vạn, vàn, mại, vẹn, muôn
Noun
萬
- chữ Hán form of vạn, muôn (“ten thousand”).
Derived terms
- 千變萬化 (thiên biến vạn hóa/thiên biến vạn hoá)
- 萬不得以 (vạn bất đắc dĩ)
- 萬不得已 (vạn bất đắc dĩ)
- 萬事 (vạn sự)
- 萬事如意 (vạn sự như ý)
- 萬壽 (vạn thọ)
- 萬字 (chữ vạn)
- 萬歲 (vạn tuế)
- 萬歲 (vạn tuế)
- 萬物 (vạn vật)
- 萬能 (vạn năng)
- 萬里長城 (Vạn Lí Trường Thành)
- 鏡萬華 (kính vạn hoa)