荷
荷 - Translingual
Han character
荷 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 廿人一口 (TOMR), four-corner 44221, composition ⿱艹何)
Derived characters
- 嗬, 𬄋
荷 - Chinese
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 荷 |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Small seal script |
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
砢 | *ɡ·raːlʔ |
柯 | *kaːl |
菏 | *kaːl, *ɡaːl |
牁 | *kaːl |
滒 | *kaːl |
哥 | *kaːl |
歌 | *kaːl |
謌 | *kaːl |
鴚 | *kaːl |
哿 | *kaːlʔ |
舸 | *kaːlʔ |
笴 | *kaːlʔ, *kaːnʔ |
軻 | *kʰaːl, *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls |
珂 | *kʰaːl |
可 | *kʰaːlʔ |
岢 | *kʰaːlʔ |
坷 | *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls |
蚵 | *kʰaːls, *ɡaːl |
呵 | *qʰaːl, *qʰaːls |
訶 | *qʰaːl |
抲 | *qʰaːl |
荷 | *qʰaːls, *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ |
何 | *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ |
河 | *ɡaːl |
苛 | *ɡaːl |
魺 | *ɡaːl |
袔 | *ɡaːls |
阿 | *qaːl |
妸 | *qaːl, *qaːlʔ |
疴 | *qaːl, *kʰraːls |
鈳 | *qaːl |
娿 | *qaːl, *qaːlʔ |
痾 | *qaːl |
跒 | *kʰraːlʔ |
閜 | *qʰraːlʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qʰaːls, *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 何 (OC *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ho4
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): ho3
- Gan (Wiktionary): ho2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hò
- Jin (Wiktionary): he1
- Min Bei (KCR): ǒ̤
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): 3hhu
- Xiang (Wiktionary): ho2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: hé
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: hé
- Wade–Giles: ho2
- Yale: hé
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: her
- Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
- Sinological IPA : /xɤ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: ho4
- Yale: hòh
- Cantonese Pinyin: ho4
- Guangdong Romanization: ho4
- Sinological IPA : /hɔː²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ho3
- Sinological IPA : /hᵘɔ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: ho2
- Sinological IPA : /ho²⁴/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hò
- Hakka Romanization System: hoˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ho2
- Sinological IPA: /ho¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: he1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /xɤ¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ǒ̤
- Sinological IPA : /ɔ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô
- Tâi-lô: hô
- Phofsit Daibuun: hooi
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ho¹³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /ho²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɤ²³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô͘
- Tâi-lô: hôo
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoo
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ô
- Tâi-lô: ô
- Phofsit Daibuun: ooi
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /o¹³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /o²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɤ²³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hâ
- Tâi-lô: hâ
- Phofsit Daibuun: haa
- IPA (Taipei): /ha²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ha²³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- hô/hô͘ - literary;
- ô - vernacular;
- hâ - in 荷包 (hâ-pau).
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: o5 / ho5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ô / hô
- Sinological IPA : /o⁵⁵/, /ho⁵⁵/
- (Teochew)
- o5 - vernacular;
- ho5 - literary.
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: 3hhu
- Sinological IPA : /ɦv̩ʷ²³/
- (Shanghainese)
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: ho2
- Sinological IPA : /xo¹³/
- (Changsha)
- Middle Chinese: /ɦɑ/
Rime | |
---|---|
Character | 荷 |
Reading # | 1/2 |
Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
Final (韻) | 歌 (94) |
Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
Openness (開合) | Open |
Division (等) | I |
Fanqie | 胡歌切 |
Reconstructions | |
ZhengzhangShangfang | /ɦɑ/ |
PanWuyun | /ɦɑ/ |
ShaoRongfen | /ɣɑ/ |
EdwinPulleyblank | /ɦa/ |
LiRong | /ɣɑ/ |
WangLi | /ɣɑ/ |
BernardKarlgren | /ɣɑ/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex | hé |
Expected Cantonese Reflex | ho4 |
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤaj/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːl/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
---|---|
Character | 荷 |
Reading # | 1/2 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | hé |
Middle Chinese | ‹ ha › |
Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]ˁaj/ |
English | lotus |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
---|---|
Character | 荷 |
Reading # | 2/3 |
No. | 7463 |
Phonetic component | 可 |
Rime group | 歌 |
Rime subdivision | 1 |
Corresponding MC rime | 何 |
Old Chinese | /*ɡaːl/ |
Definitions
荷
Compounds
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Pinyin): he (he5)
- (Zhuyin): ˙ㄏㄜ
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ho4
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): ho3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hò
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien, POJ): hô / hǒ͘
- (Teochew, Peng'im): ho3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: he
- Zhuyin: ˙ㄏㄜ
- Tongyong Pinyin: he̊
- Wade–Giles: ho5
- Yale: he
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: .he
- Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
- Sinological IPA : /xə/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: ho4
- Yale: hòh
- Cantonese Pinyin: ho4
- Guangdong Romanization: ho4
- Sinological IPA : /hɔː²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ho3
- Sinological IPA : /hᵘɔ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hò
- Hakka Romanization System: hoˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ho2
- Sinological IPA: /ho¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô
- Tâi-lô: hô
- Phofsit Daibuun: hooi
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /ho²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɤ²³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hǒ͘
- Tâi-lô: hǒo
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔ²²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ho3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hò
- Sinological IPA : /ho²¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
Definitions
荷
- Only used in 薄荷 (bòhé).
Compounds
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ho6
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): ho5
- Min Nan
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: hè
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: hè
- Wade–Giles: ho4
- Yale: hè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: heh
- Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
- Sinological IPA : /xɤ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: ho6
- Yale: hoh
- Cantonese Pinyin: ho6
- Guangdong Romanization: ho6
- Sinological IPA : /hɔː²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ho5
- Sinological IPA : /hᵘɔ³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hō
- Tâi-lô: hō
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoi
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ho²²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɤ³³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ho⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /ho³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hō͘
- Tâi-lô: hōo
- Phofsit Daibuun: ho
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hǒ͘
- Tâi-lô: hǒo
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔ²²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: o6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ŏ
- Sinological IPA : /o³⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Middle Chinese: /ɦɑX/
Rime | |
---|---|
Character | 荷 |
Reading # | 2/2 |
Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
Final (韻) | 歌 (94) |
Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
Openness (開合) | Open |
Division (等) | I |
Fanqie | 胡可切 |
Reconstructions | |
ZhengzhangShangfang | /ɦɑX/ |
PanWuyun | /ɦɑX/ |
ShaoRongfen | /ɣɑX/ |
EdwinPulleyblank | /ɦaX/ |
LiRong | /ɣɑX/ |
WangLi | /ɣɑX/ |
BernardKarlgren | /ɣɑX/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex | hè |
Expected Cantonese Reflex | ho6 |
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤajʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːlʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
---|---|
Character | 荷 |
Reading # | 2/2 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | hè |
Middle Chinese | ‹ haX › |
Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]ˁajʔ/ |
English | carry |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
---|---|
Character | 荷 |
Reading # | 3/3 |
No. | 7465 |
Phonetic component | 可 |
Rime group | 歌 |
Rime subdivision | 1 |
Corresponding MC rime | 荷 |
Old Chinese | /*ɡaːlʔ/ |
Definitions
荷
- to carry (a load on one's shoulder); to hold
- to shoulder; to bear (e.g. responsibilities)
- load; burden
- (physics) load; charge
Compounds
荷 - Japanese
Kanji
(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)
Readings
Compounds
Counter
荷 • (-ka)
- loads that can be carried on one's shoulders
Suffix
荷 • (-ka)
荷 - Korean
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ha̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [하]
Hanja
Compounds
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ha̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [하]