矣
矣 - Translingual
Han character
矣 (Kangxi radical 111, 矢+2, 7 strokes, cangjie input 戈人大 (IOK), four-corner 23430, composition ⿱厶矢)
Derived characters
矣 - Chinese
Glyph origin
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢlɯʔ) : phonetic 㠯 (OC *lɯʔ) + semantic 矢 (“arrow”). 矢 (OC *hliʔ) may also act as a phonetic component.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ji5
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): yi4
- Hakka
- (Sixian, PFS): í
- (Meixian, Guangdong): yi1
- Min Bei (KCR): ì
- Min Dong (BUC): é
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): 3hhi
- Xiang (Wiktionary): i3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yǐ
- Zhuyin: ㄧˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yǐ
- Wade–Giles: i3
- Yale: yǐ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yii
- Palladius: и (i)
- Sinological IPA : /i²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: ji5
- Yale: yíh
- Cantonese Pinyin: ji5
- Guangdong Romanization: yi5
- Sinological IPA : /jiː¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: yi4
- Sinological IPA : /ji²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: í
- Hakka Romanization System: i`
- Hagfa Pinyim: i3
- Sinological IPA: /i³¹/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: yi1
- Sinological IPA: /i⁴⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ì
- Sinological IPA : /i⁴²/
- (Jian'ou)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: é
- Sinological IPA : /ɛi²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í
- Tâi-lô: í
- Phofsit Daibuun: ie
- IPA (Quanzhou): /i⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /i⁴¹/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /i⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: --i
- Tâi-lô: --i
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ì
- Tâi-lô: ì
- Phofsit Daibuun: ix
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /i²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /i¹¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: in7 / i7
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: īⁿ / ī
- Sinological IPA : /ĩ¹¹/, /i¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: 3hhi
- Sinological IPA : /ɦi²³/
- (Shanghainese)
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: i3
- Sinological IPA : /i⁴¹/
- (Changsha)
- Middle Chinese: /ɦɨX/
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 矣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 云 (35) |
| Final (韻) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 于紀切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| ZhengzhangShangfang | /ɦɨX/ |
| PanWuyun | /ɦɨX/ |
| ShaoRongfen | /ɣieX/ |
| EdwinPulleyblank | /ɦɨX/ |
| LiRong | /ɣiəX/ |
| WangLi | /ɣĭəX/ |
| BernardKarlgren | /iX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yǐ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ji5 |
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*qəʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɢlɯʔ/
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 矣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yǐ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hiX › |
| Old Chinese | /*qəʔ/ (atonic) |
| English | (final particle) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 矣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 14950 |
| Phonetic component | 矣 |
| Rime group | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 矣 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɢlɯʔ/ |
| Notes | 說文以聲，金文從丩矢或爲矢聲 |
Definitions
矣
- (literary) Particle expressing completion, similar to 了 (le) in Standard Mandarin.
- (literary) Particle expressing exclamation, similar to 啦 (la) in Standard Mandarin.
Synonyms
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 矣1 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 了 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 了 |
| Taiwan | 了 | |
| Harbin | 了 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 了 | |
| Jinan | 了 | |
| Luoyang | 了 | |
| Wanrong | 嘮 | |
| Xi'an | 咧 | |
| Yinchuan | 了 | |
| Ürümqi | 咧 | |
| Wuhan | 了 | |
| Chengdu | 了 | |
| Guiyang | 了 | |
| Guilin | 了 | |
| Liuzhou | 了 | |
| Xuzhou | 了 | |
| Yangzhou | 了 | |
| Nanjing | 了 | |
| Malaysia | 了 | |
| Singapore | 了 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 咗, 嘵 obsolete |
| Hong Kong | 咗 | |
| Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 咗 | |
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 咗 | |
| Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 耗 | |
| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 好 | |
| Macau | 咗, 敲 | |
| Guangzhou (Panyu) | 咗 | |
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 咗 | |
| Guangzhou (Conghua) | 咗 | |
| Foshan | 咗 | |
| Foshan (Sanshui) | 咗 | |
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 咗 | |
| Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 哺 | |
| Zhuhai (Qianshan) | 咗 | |
| Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 誒, 咗 | |
| Taishan | 誒 | |
| Kaiping (Chikan) | 誒 | |
| Enping (Niujiang) | 誒 | |
| Dongguan | 敲 | |
| Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 好 | |
| Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 後, 咗 | |
| Qingyuan | 咗 | |
| Fogang | 咗 | |
| Yingde (Hanguang) | 咗 | |
| Shaoguan | 咗 | |
| Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 咗 | |
| Renhua | 咗 | |
| Lechang | 咗 | |
| Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 咗 | |
| Xinxing | 標 | |
| Luoding | 咗 | |
| Yangjiang | 都 | |
| Nanning | 嗮 | |
| Nanning (Tanka) | 嗮 | |
| Wuzhou | 啊 | |
| Hepu (Lianzhou) | 了 | |
| Guiping | 畢 | |
| Guiping (Mule) | 開, 了 | |
| Pingnan | 開 | |
| Guigang (Gangcheng) | 開 | |
| Guigang (Pingdong) | 開, 了 | |
| Beihai | 了 | |
| Beihai (Nankang) | 了 | |
| Beihai (Yingpan) | 了 | |
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 了, 咗 | |
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 咗 | |
| Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 了, 咗 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 咗 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 咗 | |
| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 咗 | |
| Móng Cái | 了, 咗 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 了 |
| Lichuan | 了 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 了 |
| Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 拋, 阿 | |
| Dongguan (Qingxi) | 開 | |
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 開 | |
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 開 | |
| Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 哩 | |
| Wuhua (Huacheng) | 哩 | |
| Wuhua (Changbu) | 哩 | |
| Wuhua (Mianyang) | 哩 | |
| Yudu | 了 | |
| Hong Kong | 開 | |
| Senai (Huiyang) | 開 | |
| Kuching (Hepo) | 了 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 了 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 咾 |
| Xinzhou | 咾 | |
| Jiuxing Yumin | Lanxi | 了 |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 了 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 了, 𡅏 |
| Min Nan | Penang (Hokkien) | 了 |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 了 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 了, 咯 | |
| Chaozhou | 了 | |
| Shantou | 了 | |
| Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 了 | |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 了 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 仔, 了 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 仔 | |
| Suzhou | 仔 | |
| Hangzhou | 得, 了 | |
| Ningbo | 仔 | |
| Wenzhou | 爻 | |
| Jinhua | 了 | |
Compounds
Pronunciation
- Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): ê3
- Min Nan (POJ): --a / --ah
- Hakka
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: ê3
- Sinological IPA: /e³¹/
- (Meixian)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: --a
- Tâi-lô: --a
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: --ah
- Tâi-lô: --ah
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Philippines)
Definitions
矣
- (Hokkien, dialectal Hakka) Sentence-final particle expressing completion, similar to 了 (le) in Standard Mandarin.
- (Philippine Hokkien) Sentence-final particle expressing affirmation or exclamation, similar to 啊 (ā) in Standard Mandarin.
Synonyms
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 矣1 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 了 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 了 |
| Taiwan | 了 | |
| Harbin | 了 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 了 | |
| Jinan | 了 | |
| Luoyang | 了 | |
| Wanrong | 嘮 | |
| Xi'an | 咧 | |
| Yinchuan | 了 | |
| Ürümqi | 咧 | |
| Wuhan | 了 | |
| Chengdu | 了 | |
| Guiyang | 了 | |
| Guilin | 了 | |
| Liuzhou | 了 | |
| Xuzhou | 了 | |
| Yangzhou | 了 | |
| Nanjing | 了 | |
| Malaysia | 了 | |
| Singapore | 了 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 咗, 嘵 obsolete |
| Hong Kong | 咗 | |
| Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 咗 | |
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 咗 | |
| Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 耗 | |
| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 好 | |
| Macau | 咗, 敲 | |
| Guangzhou (Panyu) | 咗 | |
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 咗 | |
| Guangzhou (Conghua) | 咗 | |
| Foshan | 咗 | |
| Foshan (Sanshui) | 咗 | |
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 咗 | |
| Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 哺 | |
| Zhuhai (Qianshan) | 咗 | |
| Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 誒, 咗 | |
| Taishan | 誒 | |
| Kaiping (Chikan) | 誒 | |
| Enping (Niujiang) | 誒 | |
| Dongguan | 敲 | |
| Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 好 | |
| Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 後, 咗 | |
| Qingyuan | 咗 | |
| Fogang | 咗 | |
| Yingde (Hanguang) | 咗 | |
| Shaoguan | 咗 | |
| Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 咗 | |
| Renhua | 咗 | |
| Lechang | 咗 | |
| Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 咗 | |
| Xinxing | 標 | |
| Luoding | 咗 | |
| Yangjiang | 都 | |
| Nanning | 嗮 | |
| Nanning (Tanka) | 嗮 | |
| Wuzhou | 啊 | |
| Hepu (Lianzhou) | 了 | |
| Guiping | 畢 | |
| Guiping (Mule) | 開, 了 | |
| Pingnan | 開 | |
| Guigang (Gangcheng) | 開 | |
| Guigang (Pingdong) | 開, 了 | |
| Beihai | 了 | |
| Beihai (Nankang) | 了 | |
| Beihai (Yingpan) | 了 | |
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 了, 咗 | |
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 咗 | |
| Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 了, 咗 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 咗 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 咗 | |
| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 咗 | |
| Móng Cái | 了, 咗 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 了 |
| Lichuan | 了 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 了 |
| Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 拋, 阿 | |
| Dongguan (Qingxi) | 開 | |
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 開 | |
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 開 | |
| Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 哩 | |
| Wuhua (Huacheng) | 哩 | |
| Wuhua (Changbu) | 哩 | |
| Wuhua (Mianyang) | 哩 | |
| Yudu | 了 | |
| Hong Kong | 開 | |
| Senai (Huiyang) | 開 | |
| Kuching (Hepo) | 了 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 了 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 咾 |
| Xinzhou | 咾 | |
| Jiuxing Yumin | Lanxi | 了 |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 了 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 了, 𡅏 |
| Min Nan | Penang (Hokkien) | 了 |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 了 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 了, 咯 | |
| Chaozhou | 了 | |
| Shantou | 了 | |
| Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 了 | |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 了 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 仔, 了 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 仔 | |
| Suzhou | 仔 | |
| Hangzhou | 得, 了 | |
| Ningbo | 仔 | |
| Wenzhou | 爻 | |
| Jinhua | 了 | |
Pronunciation
Definitions
矣
- † Transcription of the word for rhinoceros in a language used in ancient Yunnan.
矣 - Japanese
Kanji
矣
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)
- kanbun (Literary Chinese) sentence particle