文字
文字 - Chinese
language; culture; writing language; culture; writing; formal; literary; gentle |
letter; symbol; character letter; symbol; character; word | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (文字) | 文 | 字 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Pinyin): wénzì
- (Zhuyin): ㄨㄣˊ ㄗˋ
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): вынзы (vɨnzɨ, I-III)
- (Standard)
- Cantonese (Jyutping): man4 zi6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): vùn-sṳ
- Min Dong (BUC): ùng-cê
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien, POJ): bûn-lī / bûn-jī
- (Teochew, Peng'im): bhung5 ri7
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: wénzì
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄣˊ ㄗˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wúnzìh
- Wade–Giles: wên2-tzŭ4
- Yale: wén-dz̀
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wentzyh
- Palladius: вэньцзы (vɛnʹczy)
- Sinological IPA : /wən³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: вынзы (vɨnzɨ, I-III)
- Sinological IPA : /vəŋ²⁴ t͡sz̩⁴⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: man4 zi6
- Yale: màhn jih
- Cantonese Pinyin: man4 dzi6
- Guangdong Romanization: men4 ji6
- Sinological IPA : /mɐn²¹ t͡siː²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vùn-sṳ
- Hakka Romanization System: vunˇ sii
- Hagfa Pinyim: vun2 si4
- Sinological IPA: /vun¹¹ sɨ⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ùng-cê
- Sinological IPA : /uŋ⁵³⁻²¹ (t͡s-)ʒɛi²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bûn-lī
- Tâi-lô: bûn-lī
- Phofsit Daibuun: bunli
- IPA (Taipei): /bun²⁴⁻¹¹ li³³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /bun²⁴⁻²² li⁴¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /bun²³⁻³³ li³³/
- IPA (Xiamen): /bun²⁴⁻²² li²²/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bûn-jī
- Tâi-lô: bûn-jī
- Phofsit Daibuun: bunji
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /bun²³⁻³³ ʑi³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /bun¹³⁻²² d͡ʑi²²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: bhung5 ri7
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: bûng jī
- Sinological IPA : /buŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ d͡zi¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- Middle Chinese: /mɨun d͡zɨH/
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 文 | 字 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) | 從 (15) |
| Final (韻) | 文 (59) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 無分切 | 疾置切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| ZhengzhangShangfang | /mɨun/ | /d͡zɨH/ |
| PanWuyun | /miun/ | /d͡zɨH/ |
| ShaoRongfen | /miuən/ | /d͡zieH/ |
| EdwinPulleyblank | /mun/ | /d͡zɨH/ |
| LiRong | /miuən/ | /d͡ziəH/ |
| WangLi | /mĭuən/ | /d͡zĭəH/ |
| BernardKarlgren | /mi̯uən/ | /d͡zʱiH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | wén | zì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | man4 | zi6 |
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*mə[n] mə-dzə(ʔ)-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*mɯn zlɯs/
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 文 | 字 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | wén | zì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ mjun › | ‹ dziH › |
| Old Chinese | /*mə[n]/ | /*mə-dzə(ʔ)-s/ |
| English | ornate | breed, love (v.); character |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 文 | 字 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 13015 | 17864 |
| Phonetic component | 文 | 子 |
| Rime group | 文 | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 文 | 字 |
| Old Chinese | /*mɯn/ | /*zlɯs/ |
| Notes | 子分化字 | |
Noun
文字
- written symbols; writing; script; text; characters (Classifier: 種／种; 個／个)
- writing style wording; language (Classifier: 種／种; 個／个)
Synonyms
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
文字 - Japanese
Pronunciation
Noun
文字 • (monji)
- a letter, a character (symbol for a sound or a word)
- (linguistics) script, writing system
- (specific to Japanese) a written mora, a kana
- writing in general, written words
- (by extension from the “writing” sense) a document
- (by extension from the “writing” sense) reading and writing
- (by extension from the “writing” sense) studies
Usage notes
This reading is less common than moji, below.
Pronunciation
- (Irregular reading)
- (Tokyo) もじ [móꜜjì] (Atamadaka – [1])
- IPA: [mo̞ʑi]
Noun
文字 • (moji)
- a letter or character (symbol for a sound or a word)
- (linguistics) script, writing system
- (specific to Japanese) a written mora, a kana
- writing in general, written words
- (by extension from the “writing” sense) a document
- (by extension from the “writing” sense) reading and writing
- (by extension from the “writing” sense) studies
- (chiefly Kansai) the tails side of a coin, the side with writing on it
- (chiefly Kansai, by extension) a coin, money
Usage notes
This reading is more common than monji above.
The tails and coin, money senses are specific to this moji reading.[3]
Derived terms
- 顔文字 (kaomoji): smiley
- 絵文字 (emoji): emoji (not to be confused with emoticon)
- 大文字 (ōmoji): uppercase letter
- 小文字 (komoji): lowercase letter
- キリル文字 (kiriru moji): Cyrillic letter
- 文字通り (mojidōri): literal, literally
- 文字化け (mojibake): corrupt characters or letters, especially from display or transfer through an inappropriate character set or encoding, e.g.,
•¶Žš‰»‚¯, which is a corruption of 文字化け
文字 - Korean
Noun
文字 • (munja) (hangeul 문자)
文字 - Vietnamese
Noun
文字
- chữ Hán form of văn tự (“writing system, script”).