張
See also: 张
張 - Translingual
Han character
張 (Kangxi radical 57, 弓+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 弓尸一女 (NSMV), four-corner 11232, composition ⿰弓長)
Derived characters
Related characters
- 张 (Simplified Chinese)
張 - Chinese
trad. | 張 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 张 |
Glyph origin
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *taŋ, *taŋs) : semantic 弓 (“bow”) + phonetic 長 (OC *taŋʔ, *daŋ, *daŋs).
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zoeng1
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): ziang1
- Gan (Wiktionary): zong1
- Hakka
- (Sixian, PFS): chông
- (Meixian, Guangdong): zong1
- Jin (Wiktionary): zon1
- Min Bei (KCR): dióng
- Min Dong (BUC): diŏng
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): 1tsan
- Xiang (Wiktionary): zhan1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zhāng
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄤ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhang
- Wade–Giles: chang1
- Yale: jāng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jang
- Palladius: чжан (čžan)
- Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: zang1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zang
- Sinological IPA : /t͡saŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: zoeng1
- Yale: jēung
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzoeng1
- Guangdong Romanization: zêng1
- Sinological IPA : /t͡ʃœːŋ⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ziang1
- Sinological IPA : /t͡siaŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: zong1
- Sinological IPA : /t͡sɔŋ⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chông
- Hakka Romanization System: zong´
- Hagfa Pinyim: zong1
- Sinological IPA: /t͡soŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: zong1
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: zon1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sɒ̃¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dióng
- Sinological IPA : /tiɔŋ⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: diŏng
- Sinological IPA : /tuoŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Taichung, Hsinchu, Lukang, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong, Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiuⁿ
- Tâi-lô: tiunn
- Phofsit Daibuun: dviw
- IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang): /tiũ³³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Yilan, Kinmen, Singapore): /tiũ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Tainan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tioⁿ
- Tâi-lô: tionn
- Phofsit Daibuun: dvioy
- IPA (Zhangzhou, Tainan): /tiɔ̃⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Penang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiauⁿ
- Tâi-lô: tiaunn
- Phofsit Daibuun: dviaw
- IPA (Penang): /tiãu³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiong
- Tâi-lô: tiong
- Phofsit Daibuun: diofng
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiɔŋ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiang
- Tâi-lô: tiang
- Phofsit Daibuun: diafng
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiaŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Taichung, Hsinchu, Lukang, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong, Singapore)
Note:
- tiuⁿ/tioⁿ/tiauⁿ - colloquial (incl. surname);
- tiong/tiang - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ziang1 / diên1 / dion1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiang / tieⁿ / tioⁿ
- Sinological IPA : /t͡siaŋ³³/, /tĩẽ³³/, /tĩõ³³/
- (Teochew)
Note: diên1 (Chaozhou), dion1 (Shantou) - surname.
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: 1tsan
- Sinological IPA : /t͡sã⁵³/
- (Shanghainese)
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: zhan1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ʈ͡ʂan³³/
- Sinological IPA (new-style): /t͡san³³/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | edit 張 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/ |
Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂaŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ²¹/ /t͡sɑŋ²¹/ | |
Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂaŋ²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /tʃaŋ²¹³/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂaŋ²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /ʈ͡ʂaŋ²¹/ | |
Xining | /ʈ͡ʂɔ̃⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Lanzhou | /ʈ͡ʂɑ̃³¹/ | |
Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡saŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡saŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡saŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂã̠⁴⁴/ | |
Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂaŋ³¹/ | |
Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂɑ̃²¹/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sɒ̃¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ¹³/ /t͡suə¹³/ ~村 | |
Hohhot | /t͡sɑ̃³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /t͡sã⁵³/ |
Suzhou | /t͡sã⁵⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /t͡sɑŋ³³/ | |
Wenzhou | /t͡ɕi³³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕia³¹/ |
Tunxi | /t͡ɕiau¹¹/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /ʈ͡ʂan³³/ |
Xiangtan | /ʈ͡ʂɔn³³/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sɔŋ⁴²/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /t͡soŋ⁴⁴/ |
Taoyuan | /tʃoŋ²⁴/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sœŋ⁵³/ |
Nanning | /t͡sœŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /t͡sœŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /tiɔŋ⁵⁵/ /tiũ⁵⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /tuoŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /tiɔŋ⁵⁴/ | |
Shantou (Min Nan) | /t͡siaŋ³³/ /tiõ³³/ | |
Haikou (Min Nan) | /t͡siaŋ²³/ /ʔdio²³/ |
- Middle Chinese: /ʈɨɐŋ/
Rime | |
---|---|
Character | 張 |
Reading # | 1/2 |
Initial (聲) | 知 (9) |
Final (韻) | 陽 (105) |
Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
Openness (開合) | Open |
Division (等) | III |
Fanqie | 陟良切 |
Reconstructions | |
ZhengzhangShangfang | /ʈɨɐŋ/ |
PanWuyun | /ʈiɐŋ/ |
ShaoRongfen | /ȶiɑŋ/ |
EdwinPulleyblank | /ʈɨaŋ/ |
LiRong | /ȶiaŋ/ |
WangLi | /ȶĭaŋ/ |
BernardKarlgren | /ȶi̯aŋ/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhāng |
Expected Cantonese Reflex | zoeng1 |
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.traŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*taŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
---|---|
Character | 張 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhāng |
Middle Chinese | ‹ trjang › |
Old Chinese | /*C.traŋ/ |
English | draw a bow |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
---|---|
Character | 張 |
Reading # | 1/2 |
No. | 1259 |
Phonetic component | 長 |
Rime group | 陽 |
Rime subdivision | 0 |
Corresponding MC rime | 張 |
Old Chinese | /*taŋ/ |
Definitions
張
- to string a bow; to pull a bowstring taut
- to stretch; to open up; to spread
- to expand; to spread
- to set out; to display
- to look
- (of a new business) to start; to open for business
- Classifier for things with a flat surface: sheet
- 一張地圖/一张地图 ― yī zhāng dìtú ― a map
- 一張桌子/一张桌子 ― yī zhāng zhuōzi ― a table
- 幾張凳/几张凳 [Cantonese] ― gei2 zoeng1 dang3 [Jyutping] ― several chairs
- 兩張紙/两张纸 [Cantonese] ― loeng5 zoeng1 zi2 [Jyutping] ― two sheets of paper
- 一張嘴/一张嘴 ― yī zhāng zuǐ ― one mouth
- 高雄一張/高雄一张 [Hokkien] ― Ko-hiông chi̍t tiuⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― One ticket to Kaohsiung
- Classifier for votes.
- (Cantonese, Hakka, Zhongshan Min) Classifier for knives.
- (Cantonese) Classifier for age of a person, approximating in multiples of tens. (only for thirty years old or above)
- (Chinese astronomy) Extended Net (one of Twenty-Eight Mansions)
- a surname. Zhang, listed #24 of the Baijiaxing
Synonyms
Variety | Location | Words edit |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 把 | |
Mandarin | Beijing | 把 |
Taiwan | 把 | |
Yantai (Muping) | 把 | |
Jinan | 把 | |
Luoyang | 把 | |
Wanrong | 把 | |
Xi'an | 把 | |
Yinchuan | 把 | |
Lanzhou | 把 | |
Xining | 把 | |
Ürümqi | 把 | |
Wuhan | 把 | |
Chengdu | 把 | |
Guilin | 把 | |
Liuzhou | 把 | |
Xuzhou | 把 | |
Yangzhou | 把 | |
Nanjing | 把 | |
Hefei | 把 | |
Malaysia | 把 | |
Singapore | 把 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 把, 張 |
Hong Kong | 把, 張 | |
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 柄, 把 | |
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 張 | |
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 把 | |
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 把 | |
Macau | 張 | |
Guangzhou (Panyu) | 張 | |
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 張 | |
Guangzhou (Conghua) | 張 | |
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 張 | |
Foshan | 張 | |
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 張 | |
Foshan (Shunde) | 張 | |
Foshan (Sanshui) | 張 | |
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 張 | |
Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 張 | |
Zhuhai (Qianshan) | 張 | |
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) | 張 | |
Zhuhai (Doumen) | 張 | |
Jiangmen (Baisha) | 張 | |
Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 張 | |
Taishan | 張 | |
Kaiping (Chikan) | 張 | |
Enping (Niujiang) | 張 | |
Heshan (Yayao) | 張 | |
Dongguan | 張 | |
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 張 | |
Qingyuan | 張 | |
Fogang | 張 | |
Yingde (Hanguang) | 張 | |
Yangshan | 張 | |
Lianshan (Butian) | 把 | |
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 張 | |
Shaoguan | 張 | |
Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 張, 把 | |
Renhua | 張 | |
Lechang | 把 | |
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 張 | |
Sihui | 張 | |
Guangning | 張 | |
Deqing | 張 | |
Huaiji | 支, 把 | |
Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 張 | |
Yunfu | 張 | |
Xinxing | 張 | |
Luoding | 把 | |
Yunan (Pingtai) | 張 | |
Yangjiang | 張 | |
Xinyi | 張 | |
Lianjiang | 把 | |
Nanning | 把 | |
Guiping | 把 | |
Mengshan (Xihe) | 把 | |
Guigang (Nanjiang) | 張 | |
Beiliu (Tangliao) | 把 | |
Baise | 把 | |
Bobai | 張 | |
Lingshan | 把 | |
Pubei | 把 | |
Qinzhou | 把 | |
Beihai | 把 | |
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 把 | |
Ningming | 把 | |
Hengxian | 把 | |
Hezhou (Pumen) | 張 | |
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 把 | |
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 把 | |
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 把 | |
Móng Cái | 把 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 把 |
Lichuan | 把 | |
Pingxiang | 把 | |
Hakka | Meixian | 張 |
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 把 | |
Dongguan (Qingxi) | 張 | |
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 張 | |
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 張 | |
Conghua (Lütian) | 把 | |
Yudu | 把 | |
Hong Kong | 張 | |
Beiliu (Tang'an) | 張 | |
Mashan (Pianlian) | 把 | |
Senai (Huiyang) | 把 | |
Huizhou | Jixi | 把 |
Jin | Taiyuan | 把 |
Xinzhou | 把 | |
Min Bei | Jian'ou | 把 |
Min Dong | Fuzhou | 把 |
Min Nan | Xiamen | 叢, 支 |
Quanzhou | 叢 | |
Zhangzhou | 叢 | |
Manila (Hokkien) | 支 | |
Zhangping (Yongfu) | 支 | |
Pingnan (Shangdu) | 把 | |
Chaozhou | 支 | |
Shantou | 支 | |
Bangkok (Teochew) | 支 | |
Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 支 | |
Leizhou | 把 | |
Haikou | 把 | |
Zhongshan Min | Shaxi (Longdu) | 張 |
Sanxiang | 張 | |
Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 把 |
Wu | Shanghai | 把 |
Shanghai (Chongming) | 把 | |
Suzhou | 把 | |
Danyang | 把 | |
Hangzhou | 把 | |
Ningbo | 把 | |
Wenzhou | 把 | |
Jinhua | 把 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 把 |
Loudi | 把 | |
Shuangfeng | 把 | |
Quanzhou | 把 |
Variety | Location | Words edit |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 條, 床 | |
Mandarin | Beijing | 條, 床 |
Taiwan | 條 | |
Jinan | 床 | |
Xi'an | 條, 床 | |
Wuhan | 床 | |
Chengdu | 床 | |
Yangzhou | 床 | |
Hefei | 床 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 張, 床 |
Hong Kong | 張, 床 | |
Yangjiang | 番 | |
Nanning | 番 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 床 |
Hakka | Meixian | 番 |
Jin | Taiyuan | 張, 條, 根 |
Min Bei | Jian'ou | 床 |
Min Dong | Fuzhou | 床 |
Min Nan | Xiamen | 領, 床 |
Quanzhou | 領, 床 | |
Zhangzhou | 領, 床 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 領 | |
Manila (Hokkien) | 領 | |
Chaozhou | 領 | |
Shantou | 領 | |
Wu | Suzhou | 條 |
Wenzhou | 條, 床 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 鋪, 床 |
Shuangfeng | 床 |
Descendants
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zhàng
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄤˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhàng
- Wade–Giles: chang4
- Yale: jàng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: janq
- Palladius: чжан (čžan)
- Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: zoeng3
- Yale: jeung
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzoeng3
- Guangdong Romanization: zêng3
- Sinological IPA : /t͡ʃœːŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Middle Chinese: /ʈɨɐŋH/
Rime | |
---|---|
Character | 張 |
Reading # | 2/2 |
Initial (聲) | 知 (9) |
Final (韻) | 陽 (105) |
Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
Openness (開合) | Open |
Division (等) | III |
Fanqie | 知亮切 |
Reconstructions | |
ZhengzhangShangfang | /ʈɨɐŋH/ |
PanWuyun | /ʈiɐŋH/ |
ShaoRongfen | /ȶiɑŋH/ |
EdwinPulleyblank | /ʈɨaŋH/ |
LiRong | /ȶiaŋH/ |
WangLi | /ȶĭaŋH/ |
BernardKarlgren | /ȶi̯aŋH/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhàng |
Expected Cantonese Reflex | zoeng3 |
Definitions
張
Compounds
|
|
|
張 - Japanese
Kanji
張
(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)
Readings
Compounds
- 出張 (shutchō): business trip
Derived terms
張 - Korean
Hanja
張 (eum 장 (jang))
- give, throw, have (a party etc.).
- grant (a favor), bestow, confer.
張 - Middle Vietnamese
Noun
張 (blang)
- page of a book
Descendants
張 - Vietnamese
Han character
張: Hán Nôm readings: trương, trang, chanh, choang, chương, giương, chăng, chướng, dăng