姑

See also: 故

姑 - Translingual

Han character

姑 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 女十口 (VJR), four-corner 44460, composition ⿰女古)

Derived characters

㑬, 𠵎, 㣨, 𢯐, 㴌, 𧍏, 𦁿, 𪂯, 𫱬, 𪦭, 菇, 𨐞

姑 - Chinese

trad.		姑
simp. ^#		姑

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 姑
Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

	Old Chinese
箇	*kaːls
個	*kaːls
居	kɯ, kas
橭	kaː, kʰaː
嫴	*kaː
姑	*kaː
辜	*kaː
酤	kaː, kaːs, *ɡaːʔ
蛄	*kaː
鴣	*kaː
沽	kaː, kaːʔ, *kaːs
盬	kaː, kaːʔ
古	*kaːʔ
罟	*kaːʔ
估	*kaːʔ
鈷	*kaːʔ
詁	*kaːʔ
牯	*kaːʔ
故	*kaːs
固	*kaːs
稒	*kaːɡs
痼	*kaːɡs
錮	*kaːɡs
鯝	*kaːɡs
棝	*kaːɡs
凅	*kaːɡs
枯	*kʰaː
軲	*kʰaː
跍	*kʰaː
骷	*kʰaː
苦	kʰaːʔ, kʰaːs
葫	qʰaː, ɡaː
餬	*ɡaː
瑚	*ɡaː
湖	*ɡaː
鶘	*ɡaː
猢	*ɡaː
醐	*ɡaː
糊	*ɡaː
箶	*ɡaː
蝴	*ɡaː
胡	*ɡaː
瓳	*ɡaː
怙	*ɡaːʔ
祜	*ɡaːʔ
岵	*ɡaːʔ
婟	ɡaːʔ, ɡaːɡs
楛	*ɡaːʔ
据	*ka
裾	*ka
琚	*ka
椐	ka, kas, *kʰa
鶋	*ka
蜛	*ka
崌	*ka
涺	*ka
腒	ka, ɡa
鋸	*kas
倨	*kas
踞	*kas
涸	*ɡaːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kaː) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 古 (OC *kaːʔ) – a type of woman (aunt, mother-in-law).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
- (Standard)
  - (Pinyin): gū (gu¹)
  - (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨ
- (Chengdu, SP): gu¹
Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gu¹
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): gu¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kû
Min Dong (BUC): gŭ
Min Nan
- (Hokkien, POJ): ko͘
- (Teochew, Peng'im): gou¹
Wu (Wiktionary): ¹ku

Middle Chinese: /kuo/

Rime
Character	姑
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古胡切
Reconstructions
ZhengzhangShangfang	/kuo/
PanWuyun	/kuo/
ShaoRongfen	/ko/
EdwinPulleyblank	/kɔ/
LiRong	/ko/
WangLi	/ku/
BernardKarlgren	/kuo/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gū
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gu¹

Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤa/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kaː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	姑
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gū
Middle Chinese	‹ ku ›
Old Chinese	/*kˁa/
English	father"s sister
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	姑
Reading #	1/1
No.	4212
Phonetic component	古
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	孤
Old Chinese	/*kaː/

Definitions

姑

Synonyms

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		姑母
Mandarin	Beijing	姑媽 §, 姑姑, 姑兒, 娘兒
	Taiwan	姑姑
	Harbin	姑, 姑姑
	Shenyang	姑姑
	Yantai (Muping)	姑
	Jinan	姑姑, 姑
	Luoyang	姑
	Wanrong	姑
	Wanrong (Ronghe)	姑
	Xi'an	姑媽 †, 姑 ‡
	Yinchuan	姑媽
	Lanzhou	娘娘
	Xining	娘娘
	Ürümqi	姑媽 †, 姑姑 ‡
	Wuhan	姑媽 §, 娘娘, 葉葉, 小爹 dated
	Chengdu	姑媽 §, 娘娘
	Guiyang	姑媽 §, 娘娘 ‡≠
	Kunming	姑媽 §, 娘 ≠
	Liuzhou	姑媽 †, 姑 ‡, 阿姑 ‡
	Xuzhou	姑娘, 姑姑, 姑兒
	Yangzhou	娘娘, 大姑子 † eldest
	Nanjing	姑媽 †, 娘娘 ‡
	Hefei	姑佬, 佬佬, 佬
	Nantong	姑媽 †
	Singapore	姑姑
Cantonese	Guangzhou	姑媽 †, 姑姐 ‡
	Hong Kong	姑媽 †, 姑姐 ‡
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	大姑 †, 姑仔 ‡
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	大姑 †, 阿姑 ‡
	Macau	姑媽 †, 姑姐 ‡
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	姑媽 †, 姑姐 ‡
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	姑母 †, 娘仔 ‡
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	阿娘 †, 阿姑 ‡
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	大姑 †, 姑媽 †, 阿姑 ‡, 姑姐 ‡
	Foshan	姑媽 †, 姑姐 ‡
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	姑姐
	Foshan (Shunde)	姑媽 †, 姑姐 ‡
	Foshan (Sanshui)	姑媽 †, 姑姐 ‡
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	阿姑
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	姑媽 †, 姑姐 ‡
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	姑媽 †, 姑姐 ‡
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	阿姑
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	阿姑
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	阿姑 †, 姑仔 ‡
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	阿姑
	Taishan	阿姑, 大姑 †, 姑 ‡, 姑仔 ‡
	Kaiping (Chikan)	阿姑
	Enping (Niujiang)	阿姑
	Heshan (Yayao)	姑媽 †, 阿姑 ‡
	Dongguan	阿姑, 姑媽 †, 姑姐 ‡
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	大姑 †, 姑媽 †, 阿姑 ‡, 姑姐 ‡
	Shaoguan	姑媽, 姑姐
	Yunfu	阿姑
	Yangjiang	大姑 †, 阿姑 ‡
	Xinyi	阿姑
	Lianjiang	𡜵奶 †, 姑 ‡, 姑仔 ‡, 阿姑 ‡
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	姑媽, 姑姐 ≠
	Singapore (Guangfu)	姑媽
Gan	Nanchang	姑娘, 姑姑, 姑, 大娘, 大姑娘
	Lichuan	姑
	Pingxiang	姑娘
Hakka	Meixian	阿姑
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	阿姑
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	大姑 †, 阿姑 ‡
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	大姑 †, 細姑 ‡
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	大姑 †, 姑仔 ‡
	Conghua (Lütian)	阿姑
	Yudu	姑姑, 姑姊
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	阿姑
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	阿姑
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	阿姑
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	阿姑
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	阿姑
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	阿姑
	Hong Kong	大姑 †, 姑仔 ‡
	Senai (Huiyang)	阿姑
Huizhou	Jixi	姑, 姑姑
Jin	Taiyuan	姑姑, 姑媽
Jin	Xinzhou	姑姑 ∅, 姑姑啊 ¶
Min Bei	Jian'ou	姑姑
Min Dong	Fuzhou	大細姑, 姑媽 †, 姑 ‡, 依姑 ‡
	Fuqing	姑姐 †, 大姐 †, 姑 ‡, 阿姑 ‡
	Matsu	依姑
	Singapore (Fuqing)	姑姑
Min Nan	Xiamen	阿姑
	Quanzhou	阿姑
	Zhangzhou	阿姑
	Kaohsiung	阿姑
	Yilan	阿姑
	Changhua (Lukang)	阿姑
	Taichung	阿姑
	Taichung (Wuqi)	阿姑
	Tainan	阿姑
	Taitung	阿姑
	Hsinchu	阿姑
	Penghu (Magong)	阿姑
	Penang (Hokkien)	阿姑
	Singapore (Hokkien)	阿姑
	Manila (Hokkien)	阿姑, 姑姑
	Chaozhou	阿姑
	Shantou	阿姑
	Bangkok (Teochew)	阿姑
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	阿姑
	Singapore (Teochew)	阿姑
	Leizhou	姑母, 尼姑 ‡, ∅, 姑 ‡, ¶, 父姑 ‡
	Wenchang	姆 †, 姑㜥 ‡, 㜥 ‡
	Haikou	姑母 ∅, 阿姑 ¶
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	姑母 †, 姑 ‡
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	姑母 †, 姑 ‡
Wu	Shanghai	娘娘, 姑母, 姑媽 ‡
	Shanghai (Chongming)	姑娘
	Suzhou	嬤嬤 †, 娘娘 ‡
	Danyang	親嫚
	Hangzhou	乾娘
	Ningbo	姑嬤 †, 阿姑 ‡
	Wenzhou	阿娘
	Jinhua	娘娘, 姑 ∅
Xiang	Changsha	姑媽 §, 姑子 ≠, 大姑子 †, 細姑子 ‡
	Loudi	大唧 †, 嫚嫚 ‡
	Shuangfeng	大基 †, 嫚嫚 ‡
Note	† - father's elder sister; ‡ - father's younger sister; § - married; ≠ - unmarried; ¶ - face-to-face; ∅ - non-face-to-face

Compounds

七姑店 (Qīgūdiàn)
三姑六婆 (sāngūliùpó)
仙姑 (xiāngū)
伴姑
何仙姑
公姑
列姑射
卦姑 (guàgū)
固姑
堂分姑娘
外姑
大姑 (dàgū)
大姑娘 (dàgūniang)
大姑子 (dàgūzi)
姑丈 (gūzhàng)
姑丈人
姑且 (gūqiě)
姑公
姑太太
姑夫 (gūfu)
姑奶奶 (gūnǎinai)
姑妄言之
姑姊
姑姑 (gūgu)
姑姥姥 (gūlǎolao)
姑娘 (gūniang)
姑娘家
姑婆 (gūpó)
姑婆芋
姑婿
姑媳
姑嫂 (gūsǎo)
姑嫜 (gūzhāng)
姑子 (gūzi)
姑家

姑射
姑射神人
姑息 (gūxī)
姑息政策
姑母 (gūmǔ)
姑洗
姑父 (gūfu)
姑爹 (gūdiē)
姑舅
姑表 (gūbiǎo)
嫜姑
小姑 (xiǎogū)
小姑娘 (xiǎogūniang)
小姑子 (xiǎogūzi)
尼姑 (nígū)
尼姑庵 (nígū'ān)
慈姑 (cígū)
摩姑
月姑
村姑 (cūngū)
火金姑
灰姑娘 (Huīgūniang)
皇姑 (Huánggū)
皇姑屯
箕姑
紫姑
翁姑
老姑娘 (lǎogūniang)
胖姑
胡姑姑
舅姑
花姑
菜姑 (chhài-ko͘)
藐姑射
虎姑婆

豆姑娘
迎紫姑
道姑 (dàogū)
阿姑 (āgū)
雪姑
麻姑 (Mágū)
麻姑山
伴姑兒／伴姑儿
僕姑／仆姑
僕射姑／仆射姑
姑妄聽之／姑妄听之
姑娘兒／姑娘儿 (gūniangr)
姑娘氣／姑娘气
姑媽／姑妈 (gūmā)
姑息養奸／姑息养奸
姑惡／姑恶
姑爺／姑爷 (gūye)
姑爺爺／姑爷爷 (gūyéye)
姑老爺／姑老爷
姑舅作親／姑舅作亲
姑蘇／姑苏 (Gūsū)
婦姑／妇姑
婦姑勃谿／妇姑勃谿
小姑獨處／小姑独处
師姑／师姑
新姑爺／新姑爷 (xīngūye)
秀姑巒溪／秀姑峦溪
紅姑娘／红姑娘 (hónggūniang)
藍姑草／蓝姑草
金僕姑／金仆姑
魯義姑／鲁义姑
麻姑搔癢／麻姑搔痒
麻姑獻壽／麻姑献寿
黃姑／黄姑

姑 - Japanese

Kanji

姑

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

Go-on: く (ku)
Kan-on: こ (ko)
Kun: しゅうとめ (shūtome, 姑); しゅうと (shūto, 姑); しばらく (shibaraku, 姑く); おば (oba)

Compounds

外姑(がいこ) (gaiko)
舅姑(きゅうこ) (kyūko)
姑娘(クーニャン) (kūnyan)
慈姑(くわい) (kuwai)
姑洗(こせん) (kosen)
姑臧(こぞう) (Kozō): Guzang
姑息(こそく) (kosoku)
姑射山(こやさん) (koyasan)
梯姑(でいご) (deigo): Indian coral tree
麻姑(まこ) (Mako)
鼠姑(わらじむし) (warajimushi)

Noun

姑(しひとめ) • (shihitome)

a mother-in-law

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi

(Tokyo) しゅうとめ [shùútómé] (Heiban – [0])
IPA: [ɕɨᵝːto̞me̞]

Noun

姑(しゅうとめ) • (shūtome) ^{←しうとめ (siutome)^?}

a mother-in-law

Derived terms

妹姑(いもしゅうとめ) (imoshūtome), 姨(いもしゅうとめ) (imoshūtome)
小姑(こじゅうとめ) (kojūtome)
姑御(しゅうとめご) (shūtomego)
姑去(しゅうとめざ)り (shūtomezari)
蕗(ふき)の姑(しゅうとめ) (fuki no shūtome)
嫁(よめ)が姑(しゅうとめ)に成(な)り上(あ)がる (yome ga shūtome ni nariagaru)

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi

(Tokyo) しゅうと [shùútó] (Heiban – [0])
IPA: [ɕɨᵝːto̞]

Noun

姑(しゅうと) • (shūto) ^{←しうと (siuto)^?}

a mother-in-law

Derived terms

姉姑(あねじゅうと) (anejūto)
小姑(こじゅうと) (kojūto)
姑御(しゅうとご) (shūtogo)

姑 - Korean

Hanja

姑 (eumhun 시어미 고 (sieomi go))

Hanja form^? of 고 (“mother-in-law”).

姑 - Vietnamese

Han character

姑: Hán Việt readings: cô 姑: Nôm readings: cô, co, go, o, cua

chữ Hán form of cô (“paternal aunt, young lady”).
Nôm form of o (“dialectal form of cô”).