حرف
حرف - Arabic
Pronunciation
- Verb I: IPA: /ħa.ra.fa/
- Verb II: IPA: /ħar.ra.fa/
- Noun 3: IPA: /ħurf/
Verb
حَرَفَ • (ḥarafa) I, non-past يَحْرِفُ (yaḥrifu)
Conjugation
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر | حَرْف ḥarf | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل | حَارِف ḥārif | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول | مَحْرُوف maḥrūf | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | ḥaraftu | ḥarafta | حَرَفَ ḥarafa |
حَرَفْتُمَا ḥaraftumā |
حَرَفَا ḥarafā |
ḥarafnā | ḥaraftum | ḥarafū | |||
f | ḥarafti | ḥarafat | حَرَفَتَا ḥarafatā |
ḥaraftunna | ḥarafna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | ʔaḥrifu | taḥrifu | yaḥrifu | تَحْرِفَانِ taḥrifāni |
يَحْرِفَانِ yaḥrifāni |
naḥrifu | taḥrifūna | yaḥrifūna | |||
f | taḥrifīna | taḥrifu | تَحْرِفَانِ taḥrifāni |
taḥrifna | yaḥrifna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | ʔaḥrifa | taḥrifa | yaḥrifa | تَحْرِفَا taḥrifā |
يَحْرِفَا yaḥrifā |
naḥrifa | taḥrifū | yaḥrifū | |||
f | taḥrifī | taḥrifa | تَحْرِفَا taḥrifā |
taḥrifna | yaḥrifna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | ʔaḥrif | taḥrif | yaḥrif | تَحْرِفَا taḥrifā |
يَحْرِفَا yaḥrifā |
naḥrif | taḥrifū | yaḥrifū | |||
f | taḥrifī | taḥrif | تَحْرِفَا taḥrifā |
taḥrifna | yaḥrifna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر | m | اِحْرِفْ iḥrif |
اِحْرِفَا iḥrifā |
اِحْرِفُوا iḥrifū |
||||||||
f | اِحْرِفِي iḥrifī |
اِحْرِفْنَ iḥrifna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | ḥuriftu | ḥurifta | حُرِفَ ḥurifa |
حُرِفْتُمَا ḥuriftumā |
حُرِفَا ḥurifā |
ḥurifnā | ḥuriftum | ḥurifū | |||
f | ḥurifti | ḥurifat | حُرِفَتَا ḥurifatā |
ḥuriftunna | ḥurifna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | ʔuḥrafu | tuḥrafu | yuḥrafu | تُحْرَفَانِ tuḥrafāni |
يُحْرَفَانِ yuḥrafāni |
nuḥrafu | tuḥrafūna | yuḥrafūna | |||
f | tuḥrafīna | tuḥrafu | تُحْرَفَانِ tuḥrafāni |
tuḥrafna | yuḥrafna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | ʔuḥrafa | tuḥrafa | yuḥrafa | تُحْرَفَا tuḥrafā |
يُحْرَفَا yuḥrafā |
nuḥrafa | tuḥrafū | yuḥrafū | |||
f | tuḥrafī | tuḥrafa | تُحْرَفَا tuḥrafā |
tuḥrafna | yuḥrafna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | ʔuḥraf | tuḥraf | yuḥraf | تُحْرَفَا tuḥrafā |
يُحْرَفَا yuḥrafā |
nuḥraf | tuḥrafū | yuḥrafū | |||
f | tuḥrafī | tuḥraf | تُحْرَفَا tuḥrafā |
tuḥrafna | yuḥrafna |
Verb
حَرَّفَ • (ḥarrafa) II, non-past يُحَرِّفُ (yuḥarrifu)
- to slant, to incline
- to bend down, up, or back, to turn down, up, or back
- to deflect
- to distort, to corrupt, to falsify, to misconstrue, to pervert, to twist
Conjugation
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر | taḥrīf | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل | muḥarrif | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول | muḥarraf | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | ḥarraftu | ḥarrafta | حَرَّفَ ḥarrafa |
حَرَّفْتُمَا ḥarraftumā |
حَرَّفَا ḥarrafā |
ḥarrafnā | ḥarraftum | ḥarrafū | |||
f | ḥarrafti | ḥarrafat | حَرَّفَتَا ḥarrafatā |
ḥarraftunna | ḥarrafna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | ʔuḥarrifu | tuḥarrifu | yuḥarrifu | تُحَرِّفَانِ tuḥarrifāni |
يُحَرِّفَانِ yuḥarrifāni |
nuḥarrifu | tuḥarrifūna | yuḥarrifūna | |||
f | tuḥarrifīna | tuḥarrifu | تُحَرِّفَانِ tuḥarrifāni |
tuḥarrifna | yuḥarrifna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | ʔuḥarrifa | tuḥarrifa | yuḥarrifa | تُحَرِّفَا tuḥarrifā |
يُحَرِّفَا yuḥarrifā |
nuḥarrifa | tuḥarrifū | yuḥarrifū | |||
f | tuḥarrifī | tuḥarrifa | تُحَرِّفَا tuḥarrifā |
tuḥarrifna | yuḥarrifna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | ʔuḥarrif | tuḥarrif | yuḥarrif | تُحَرِّفَا tuḥarrifā |
يُحَرِّفَا yuḥarrifā |
nuḥarrif | tuḥarrifū | yuḥarrifū | |||
f | tuḥarrifī | tuḥarrif | تُحَرِّفَا tuḥarrifā |
tuḥarrifna | yuḥarrifna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر | m | حَرِّفْ ḥarrif |
حَرِّفَا ḥarrifā |
ḥarrifū | ||||||||
f | ḥarrifī | ḥarrifna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | ḥurriftu | ḥurrifta | حُرِّفَ ḥurrifa |
حُرِّفْتُمَا ḥurriftumā |
حُرِّفَا ḥurrifā |
ḥurrifnā | ḥurriftum | ḥurrifū | |||
f | ḥurrifti | ḥurrifat | حُرِّفَتَا ḥurrifatā |
ḥurriftunna | ḥurrifna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | ʔuḥarrafu | tuḥarrafu | yuḥarrafu | تُحَرَّفَانِ tuḥarrafāni |
يُحَرَّفَانِ yuḥarrafāni |
nuḥarrafu | tuḥarrafūna | yuḥarrafūna | |||
f | tuḥarrafīna | tuḥarrafu | تُحَرَّفَانِ tuḥarrafāni |
tuḥarrafna | yuḥarrafna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | ʔuḥarrafa | tuḥarrafa | yuḥarrafa | تُحَرَّفَا tuḥarrafā |
يُحَرَّفَا yuḥarrafā |
nuḥarrafa | tuḥarrafū | yuḥarrafū | |||
f | tuḥarrafī | tuḥarrafa | تُحَرَّفَا tuḥarrafā |
tuḥarrafna | yuḥarrafna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | ʔuḥarraf | tuḥarraf | yuḥarraf | تُحَرَّفَا tuḥarrafā |
يُحَرَّفَا yuḥarrafā |
nuḥarraf | tuḥarrafū | yuḥarrafū | |||
f | tuḥarrafī | tuḥarraf | تُحَرَّفَا tuḥarrafā |
tuḥarrafna | yuḥarrafna |
Noun
حَرْف • (ḥarf) m, plural حُرُوف (ḥurūf) or أَحْرُف (ʔaḥruf)
- verbal noun of حَرَفَ (ḥarafa) (form I)
- letter (of the alphabet), piece of type
- حَرْفًا بِحَرْفٍ ― ḥarfan bi-ḥarfin ― word for word
- consonant
- (grammar) particle
- (obsolete) word
Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | حَرْف ḥarf | الْحَرْف al-ḥarf | حَرْف ḥarf |
Nominative | حَرْفٌ ḥarfun | الْحَرْفُ al-ḥarfu | حَرْفُ ḥarfu |
Accusative | حَرْفًا ḥarfan | الْحَرْفَ al-ḥarfa | حَرْفَ ḥarfa |
Genitive | حَرْفٍ ḥarfin | الْحَرْفِ al-ḥarfi | حَرْفِ ḥarfi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | حَرْفَيْن ḥarfayn | الْحَرْفَيْن al-ḥarfayn | حَرْفَيْ ḥarfay |
Nominative | حَرْفَانِ ḥarfāni | الْحَرْفَانِ al-ḥarfāni | حَرْفَا ḥarfā |
Accusative | حَرْفَيْنِ ḥarfayni | الْحَرْفَيْنِ al-ḥarfayni | حَرْفَيْ ḥarfay |
Genitive | حَرْفَيْنِ ḥarfayni | الْحَرْفَيْنِ al-ḥarfayni | حَرْفَيْ ḥarfay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | حُرُوف; أَحْرُف ḥurūf; ʔaḥruf | الْحُرُوف; الْأَحْرُف al-ḥurūf; al-ʔaḥruf | حُرُوف; أَحْرُف ḥurūf; ʔaḥruf |
Nominative | حُرُوفٌ; أَحْرُفٌ ḥurūfun; ʔaḥrufun | الْحُرُوفُ; الْأَحْرُفُ al-ḥurūfu; al-ʔaḥrufu | حُرُوفُ; أَحْرُفُ ḥurūfu; ʔaḥrufu |
Accusative | حُرُوفًا; أَحْرُفًا ḥurūfan; ʔaḥrufan | الْحُرُوفَ; الْأَحْرُفَ al-ḥurūfa; al-ʔaḥrufa | حُرُوفَ; أَحْرُفَ ḥurūfa; ʔaḥrufa |
Genitive | حُرُوفٍ; أَحْرُفٍ ḥurūfin; ʔaḥrufin | الْحُرُوفِ; الْأَحْرُفِ al-ḥurūfi; al-ʔaḥrufi | حُرُوفِ; أَحْرُفِ ḥurūfi; ʔaḥrufi |
Related terms
- حَرْفِيّ (ḥarfiyy)
Descendants
- Gulf Arabic: حرف (ḥarf)
- South Levantine Arabic: حرف (ḥarf)
- → Azerbaijani: hərf
- → Bashkir: хәреф (xäref)
- → Bengali: হরফ (hôrôf)
- → Gujarati: હરફ (haraph)
- → Hausa: har̃àfī
- → Nupe: harànfi
- → Yoruba: háràfí
- → Hindustani: حرف / हर्फ़ (harf)
- → Kabardian: хьэрыф (ḥerəf)
- → Kyrgyz: арип (arip)
- → Malay: huruf
- Indonesian: huruf
- → Minangkabau: uruf
- → Ottoman Turkish: حرف (harf)
- → Persian: حرف (harf)
- → Punjabi: حرف (ḥrf) / ਹਰਫ਼ (haraf)
- → Swahili: herufi
- → Sindhi: حرف (harfu)
- → Tatar: хәреф (xäref)
- → Turkmen: harp
- → Uzbek: harf
Noun
حَرْف • (ḥarf) m, plural حِرَف (ḥiraf)
Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | حَرْف ḥarf | الْحَرْف al-ḥarf | حَرْف ḥarf |
Nominative | حَرْفٌ ḥarfun | الْحَرْفُ al-ḥarfu | حَرْفُ ḥarfu |
Accusative | حَرْفًا ḥarfan | الْحَرْفَ al-ḥarfa | حَرْفَ ḥarfa |
Genitive | حَرْفٍ ḥarfin | الْحَرْفِ al-ḥarfi | حَرْفِ ḥarfi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | حَرْفَيْن ḥarfayn | الْحَرْفَيْن al-ḥarfayn | حَرْفَيْ ḥarfay |
Nominative | حَرْفَانِ ḥarfāni | الْحَرْفَانِ al-ḥarfāni | حَرْفَا ḥarfā |
Accusative | حَرْفَيْنِ ḥarfayni | الْحَرْفَيْنِ al-ḥarfayni | حَرْفَيْ ḥarfay |
Genitive | حَرْفَيْنِ ḥarfayni | الْحَرْفَيْنِ al-ḥarfayni | حَرْفَيْ ḥarfay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | حِرَف ḥiraf | الْحِرَف al-ḥiraf | حِرَف ḥiraf |
Nominative | حِرَفٌ ḥirafun | الْحِرَفُ al-ḥirafu | حِرَفُ ḥirafu |
Accusative | حِرَفًا ḥirafan | الْحِرَفَ al-ḥirafa | حِرَفَ ḥirafa |
Genitive | حِرَفٍ ḥirafin | الْحِرَفِ al-ḥirafi | حِرَفِ ḥirafi |
Adjective
حَرْف • (ḥarf)
Declension
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
basic singular triptote | basic singular triptote | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | حَرْف ḥarf | الْحَرْف al-ḥarf | حَرْف ḥarf | الْحَرْف al-ḥarf |
Nominative | حَرْفٌ ḥarfun | الْحَرْفُ al-ḥarfu | حَرْفٌ ḥarfun | الْحَرْفُ al-ḥarfu |
Accusative | حَرْفًا ḥarfan | الْحَرْفَ al-ḥarfa | حَرْفًا ḥarfan | الْحَرْفَ al-ḥarfa |
Genitive | حَرْفٍ ḥarfin | الْحَرْفِ al-ḥarfi | حَرْفٍ ḥarfin | الْحَرْفِ al-ḥarfi |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | حَرْف ḥarf | الْحَرْف al-ḥarf | حَرْف ḥarf | الْحَرْف al-ḥarf |
Nominative | حَرْفٌ ḥarfun | الْحَرْفُ al-ḥarfu | حَرْفٌ ḥarfun | الْحَرْفُ al-ḥarfu |
Accusative | حَرْفًا ḥarfan | الْحَرْفَ al-ḥarfa | حَرْفًا ḥarfan | الْحَرْفَ al-ḥarfa |
Genitive | حَرْفٍ ḥarfin | الْحَرْفِ al-ḥarfi | حَرْفٍ ḥarfin | الْحَرْفِ al-ḥarfi |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
basic broken plural triptote | basic broken plural triptote | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | حَرْف ḥarf | الْحَرْف al-ḥarf | حَرْف ḥarf | الْحَرْف al-ḥarf |
Nominative | حَرْفٌ ḥarfun | الْحَرْفُ al-ḥarfu | حَرْفٌ ḥarfun | الْحَرْفُ al-ḥarfu |
Accusative | حَرْفًا ḥarfan | الْحَرْفَ al-ḥarfa | حَرْفًا ḥarfan | الْحَرْفَ al-ḥarfa |
Genitive | حَرْفٍ ḥarfin | الْحَرْفِ al-ḥarfi | حَرْفٍ ḥarfin | الْحَرْفِ al-ḥarfi |
Noun
حِرَف • (ḥiraf) pl
- plural of حَرْف (ḥarf)
- plural of حِرْفَة (ḥirfa)
Noun
حُرْف • (ḥurf) m
- cress (Lepidium sativum, a garden vegetable)
- bitter-cress (Cardamine, some of which are eatable, some of medicinal use)
- water-cress (Nasturtium officinale, eatable and of medicinal use)
Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | حُرْف ḥurf | الْحُرْف al-ḥurf | حُرْف ḥurf |
Nominative | حُرْفٌ ḥurfun | الْحُرْفُ al-ḥurfu | حُرْفُ ḥurfu |
Accusative | حُرْفًا ḥurfan | الْحُرْفَ al-ḥurfa | حُرْفَ ḥurfa |
Genitive | حُرْفٍ ḥurfin | الْحُرْفِ al-ḥurfi | حُرْفِ ḥurfi |
حرف - Ottoman Turkish
Noun
حرف • (harf), plural حرفلر (harfler) or حروف (huruf)
Descendants
حرف - Persian
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA: /haɾf/
- (Dari Persian) IPA: /haɾf/
- (Iranian Persian) IPA: /hæɾf/
- (Tajik) IPA: /haɾf/
Noun
حرف • (harf), plural حرفها (harf-hâ) or حروف (horuf)
Derived terms
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA: /hiɾaf/
- (Dari Persian) IPA: /hɪɾaf/
- (Iranian Persian) IPA: /heɾæf/
- (Tajik) IPA: /hiɾaf/
Noun
حرف • (heraf)
- (archaic) plural of حرفه
حرف - South Levantine Arabic
Pronunciation
- IPA: /ħarf/, [ħɑrˤf]
Noun
حرف • (ḥarf) m, plural حروف (ḥurūf)
- letter (of the alphabet)