z

Letter

z (upper case Z)

1. The twenty-sixth and last letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

Symbol

z

1. (metrology) Symbol for the prefix zepto-.
2. (astronomy) Symbol for the redshift.
3. (mathematics) Used to denote a real variable when x and y are already in use.
   • $f\left(x,y,z\right)=\sin x+\cos y+\tan z$
4. (mathematics) Used to denote the third coordinate in three-dimensional Cartesian and cylindrical coordinate systems.
   • $x^2+y^2+z^2=1$
5. (mathematics) Used to denote a complex variable.
   • $\Vert z\Vert =z\cdot \overline{z}$
6. (statistics) Used to denote a value of a standard normal random variable.
7. (chemistry) Symbol for atomic number.
8. (IPA) voiced alveolar sibilant
   • (superscript) [z]-fricated release of a plosive, sometimes implying an affricate; [z]-coloring, or a weak, fleeting or epenthetic [z].
   • (superscript) Lushootseed uses this convention for its letter ⟨dᶻ⟩.

Gallery

• Letter styles
• Uppercase and lowercase versions of Z, in normal and italic type
• Uppercase and lowercase Z in Fraktur

Pronunciation

Letter name

• (UK) IPA: /zɛd/
• (US) IPA: /ziː/
• (Hong Kong) IPA: /ˈɪzə(r)d/, /ɪˈzə(r)d/
• (India) IPA: /ɪˈzɛd/, /ɪˈzɛɖ/

Phoneme

• IPA: /z/

Letter

z (lower case, upper case Z, plural zs or z's)

1. The twenty-sixth letter of the English alphabet, called zed or zee and written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /t͡s/

Article

z n

1. Synonym of s: the
   • Gfallt der z Huus? ― Do you like the house?

Preposition

z

1. unstressed form of of zue
   • Mir wonen z Züri. ― We live in Zurich.

Preposition

z

1. unstressed form of of zu
   • Das isch z vill. ― This is too much.

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA: /z/

Letter

z lower case (upper case Z)

1. The thirty-second letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /s̻eta/, [s̻e̞.t̪a]

Letter

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-seventh letter of the Basque alphabet, called zeta and written in the Latin script.

Alternative forms

• 's (Sette Comuni)

Article

z

1. (Luserna) the; definite article for two declensions:
   1. nominative singular neuter
   2. accusative singular neuter

Pronunciation

• IPA: /z/

Preposition

z [+genitive]

1. from
   • Toto víno pochází z Francie. ― This wine comes from France.
2. out of
   • Pět z deseti doktorů doporučuje tuto zubní pastu. ― Five out of ten doctors recommend this toothpaste.

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA: /zɛt/

Letter

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation 1

• (modern Egyptological) IPA: /zɛ/, /zɑ/
  • Conventional anglicization: ze, za

Pronunciation 2

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA: /zo/
• (phoneme): IPA: /z/

Letter

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-eighth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called zo and written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /ˈtsetː/

Letter

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-first letter of the Estonian alphabet, called tsett and written in the Latin script.

Letter

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-fifth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called tseta or tset and written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• (letter name) IPA: /zɛd/

Letter

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-sixth letter of the French alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Romanization

z

1. Romanization of 𐌶

Pronunciation

• (phoneme): IPA: [ˈz]
• (letter name): IPA: [ˈzeː]

Letter

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The thirty-ninth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called zé and written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• (context pronunciation) IPA: /z/
• (letter name) IPA: /ze/

Letter

z (upper case Z)

1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /z/ (usually unless before a voiced consonant)
• IPA: /s/ (sometimes before a voiced consonant e.g. Mazmur)

Letter

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Letter

z f or m (invariable, lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-first letter of the Italian alphabet, called zeta and written in the Latin script.

Letter

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-third letter of the Classical Latin alphabet, called zēta.

Pronunciation

• IPA: [z]

Letter

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The thirty-second letter of the Latvian alphabet, called zē and written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA: /z/

Letter

z (upper case Z)

1. The thirty-eighth letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Alternative forms

• ze (used before sibilants and certain consonant clusters)

Pronunciation

• IPA: /z/, (before a voiceless consonant) /s/

Preposition

z (with genitive)

1. from, out of

Preposition

z (with instrumental)

1. with
   • Stej bratš ze sotšu. ― They are brother and sister (lit. ‘brother with sister’).

Letter

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /t͡s/, /d͡z/
• Simple z is almost always /t͡s/. Geminated zz is also predominantly voiceless, but intervocalically it may represent /dd͡z/, notably in the verbal suffix -izza.

Letter

z (upper case Z)

1. The thirtieth letter of the Maltese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA: /set/, /sɛt/
• (phoneme): IPA: /s/, /ʃ/

Letter

z

1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Norwegian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• (phoneme): IPA: /z/

Letter

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-ninth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Alternative forms

• s, se, ze

Preposition

z [+genitive]

1. denotes delative movement; off of
2. denotes elative movement; out of
3. denotes duration; since
4. denotes a change of state; from
5. denotes the composition of an item; from, out of, of
6. denotes origin or cause; because of, from
7. with a noun, denotes manner; by means of, from

Preposition

z [+accusative]

1. denotes delative movement; off of

Preposition

z [+accusative]

1. denotes delative movement; off of

Particle

z

1. approximately, about

Preposition

z [+instrumental]

1. denotes comitative or sociative relation; with, alongside
2. denotes instrumental relation; with, by means of
3. denotes origin or cause; because of, from

Pronunciation

• IPA: /z/
• (letter name) IPA: /zɛt/

Letter

z (upper case Z, lower case)

1. The thirtieth letter of the Polish alphabet, called zet and written in the Latin script.

Alternative forms

• ze
• s (obsolete)

Pronunciation

• IPA: /z/, /s/

Preposition

z [+genitive]

1. Denotes delative movement; off of
   • Jesteś z przodu czy z tyłu? ― Are you at the front or at the back?
2. Denotes duration; since
3. Denotes a change of state; from
4. Denotes origin or cause; because of, from
5. Denotes elative movement; out of
   • Jestem z Polski. ― I'm from Poland.
   • jeden z dziesięciu ― one out of ten
6. Denotes the composition of an item; from, out of, of
   • motyka z drewna ― a hoe made of wood

Particle

z

1. (colloquial) ish approximately, about
   • Synonyms: mniej więcej, około
   • Mam z pięć jabłek ― I have five ish apples.

Alternative forms

• ze
• s (obsolete)

Pronunciation

• IPA: /z/, /s/

Preposition

z [+instrumental]

1. Denotes comitative or sociative relation; with, alongside
   • Antonym: bez
2. Denotes instrumental relation; with, by means of
   • Podróżuje z prędkością światła! ― It's travelling at the speed of light?

Usage notes

• The preposition or particle generally changes to ze when the pronunciation of the two consecutive words becomes problematic. Some dictionaries claim that this rule applies to words starting with one of the following consonants: s, z, ś, ź, ż, rz, sz that are followed by another consonant. Examples include:
  • Ten pręt jest z żelaza. ― This rod is made of iron.
  • Ten pręt jest ze stali. ― This rod is made of steel.
  • Pochodzę z Francji. ― I come from France.
  • Pochodzę ze Szwecji. ― I come from Sweden.

• The form ze is used also before mnie, mną, and forms of wszystko.

• Both z and ze can be used before sobą.

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), z is one of the top 10,355 most used words in Polish, appearing 1744 times in scientific texts, 1828 times in news, 1527 times in essays, 1920 times in fiction, and 1291 times in plays, totaling 8310 times, making it the 7th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA: /z/
• (letter name) IPA: /ze/

Letter

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /z/

Letter

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. (International Standard) The thirtieth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
2. (Pan-Vlax) The thirty-first letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /z/

Letter

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The thirty-first letter of the Romanian alphabet, called ze, zet, zed, or zî and written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /z̊³³/

Noun

z

1. water

Alternative forms

• (uppercase) Z

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA: /z/

Preposition

z (Cyrillic spelling з)

1. (Kajkavian, Chakavian, Croatia) (+ instrumental case) with
2. (Kajkavian) (+ genitive case) from, out of

Letter

z (Cyrillic spelling з)

1. The 29th letter of the Serbo-Croatian Latin alphabet (gajica), preceded by v and followed by ž.

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA: /z/

Letter

z (upper case Z)

1. The thirty-third letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Alternative forms

• zo (see usage notes)

Pronunciation

• IPA: /z/

Preposition

z

1. from

Pronunciation

• IPA: /s/

Letter

z

1. The twenty-fourth letter of the Slovene alphabet, written in the Latin script. Preceded by v and followed by ž.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /s/

Preposition

z

1. (with instrumental) with, by means of, using
2. (with instrumental) (together) with, in the company of

Pronunciation

• IPA: (phoneme) /s/, /θ/
• IPA: (letter name, Spain) /ˈθeta/ [ˈθe.t̪a]

Letter

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-seventh letter of the Spanish alphabet, called zeta and written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

Letter name

• IPA: /ˈsɛːta/

Phoneme

• IPA: /s/
  • Homophones: c (before front vowels), s

Letter

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Swedish alphabet, called säta or zäta and written in the Latin script.

Letter

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-ninth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called ze and written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA: /ð/, /z/

Letter

z (upper case Z)

1. The thirtieth letter of the Turkmen alphabet, called ze and written in the Latin script.

Letter

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.