u
u - Translingual
Letter
u (upper case U)
- The twenty-first letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.
Symbol
u
- (metrology) Symbol for atomic mass unit
- (IPA, phonetics) Used in the International Phonetic Alphabet and in several romanization systems of non-Latin scripts to represent a close back rounded vowel (/u/).
- (IPA, superscript) [u]-coloring, a [u] on- or off-glide (diphthong), or a weak, fleeting or epenthetic [u].
- (physics) up quark
Gallery
- Letter styles
- Uppercase and lowercase versions of U, in normal and italic type
- Uppercase and lowercase U in Fraktur
u - English
Pronunciation
- Letter name
- Phoneme
- (General Australian) IPA: /a/, /ʉː/, /ʊ/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ʌ/, /uː/, /ʊ/
- (US, Canada) IPA: /ʌ/, /u/, /ʊ/
- (South US) IPA: /ʌ/, /ɜ/, /uː/, /ʊ/
Letter
Noun
u (plural ues)
Alternative forms
Derived terms
- u-turn
- u-bolt
Translations
|
Pronoun
u (second person, singular or plural, nominative or objective, possessive determiner ur, possessive pronoun urs, singular reflexive urself, plural reflexive urselves)
- (abbreviation, slang, text messaging, Internet) you (in text messaging and internet conversations)
- Take me with u.
Adjective
u
- Abbreviation of underwater.
Derived terms
- u-boat (1)
u - Acehnese
Pronunciation
- IPA: [u]
Noun
u
- coconut (fruit of the coco palm)
u - Afrikaans
Pronunciation
- IPA: /y/
Pronoun
u
- (formal) you (singular, subject and object)
Determiner
u
- (formal) your (singular)
u - Ajië
Pronunciation
- IPA: [u]
Verb
u
- to swim
u - Akkadian
Pronunciation
- (Old Babylonian) IPA: /u/
Conjunction
u
- and
- moreover, likewise, also, too
- 𒅇 𒅆𒅅𒁕𒄠 𒋗𒁉𒇴 ― u₃ ši-iq-da-am šu-bi-lam /u šiqdam šūbilam/ ― also, send me almonds
Phonetic |
---|
|
u - Albanian
Pronunciation
- IPA: /u/
Pronoun
u
u - Alemannic German
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- (Bern) IPA: /ʊ/
Conjunction
u
- (Bern) and
Adverb
u
- Alternative spelling of uu
u - Aragonese
Conjunction
u
u - Aromanian
Pronoun
u f (short/unstressed accusative form of ea)
- (direct object) her
Related terms
u - Asturian
Conjunction
u
Pronoun
u
- where (relative pronoun)
- Equí ye u alcontré la fueya.
- Here is where I found the leaf.
Adverb
u
- where
- ¿Du yes? ¿Au vas? ¿Nu tas?
- Where are you from? Where are you going? Where are you in?
Related terms
u - Azerbaijani
Pronunciation
- (phoneme) IPA: /u/
Letter
u lower case (upper case U)
u - Bambara
Pronoun
u (tone ù)
u - Basque
Pronunciation
- IPA: /u/, [u]
Letter
u (lower case, upper case U)
Noun
u (indeclinable)
u - Catalan
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA: /ˈu/
Noun
u f (plural us)
Noun
u m (plural uns)
Derived terms
u - Corsican
Article
u m (feminine a, masculine plural i, feminine plural e)
Usage notes
- Before a vowel, u turns into l'.
Pronoun
u m
Usage notes
- Before a vowel, u turns into l'.
u - Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA: /u/
Preposition
u + genitive
u - Drung
Noun
u
u - Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA: /y/
Pronoun
u
- (personal, second-person singular, subjective) you (polite).
- Bent u klaar? ― Are you ready?
- Bent u er nog? ― Are you still there?
- (personal, second-person singular, objective) you (polite).
- Ik zal het aan u geven. ― I will give it to you.
- Dit zal niet werken voor u. ― This won’t work for you.
- (personal, second-person singular, objective) thee (dialectal).
- Ik doe dat wel voor u. ― I’ll do it for thee.
- (personal, second-person plural, subjective) you (polite).
- Hebt u die oefening gemaakt? ― Have you prepared that exercise?
- (personal, second-person plural, objective) you (polite).
- Ze zullen dat wel voor u doen. ― They’ll do it for you.
- (reflexive, second-person singular) thyself (dialectal)
- Gij hebt u niet gewassen. ― Thou hast not washed thyself.
- (reflexive, second-person plural) yourselves (dialectal)
- Wast u eens. ― Wash yourselves.
Usage notes
- The capitalization of u (as in U or Uw) is now considered old-fashioned, and no longer compulsory. In religious contexts, it is still often capitalized, when addressing God.
- In verbs whose second and third persons singular are distinct, u may be construed with either of them. In formal context, the second person form is generally preferred except for the verb hebben (“to have”). Thus predominantly u bent, kunt, wilt, zult, whereas u heeft is commoner than (or at least equally common as) u hebt.
- See also the usage notes at gij.
Inflection
subject | object | possessive | reflexive | genitive5 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | pred. | ||
1st person | ik | 'k1 | mij | me | mijn | m'n1 | mijne | me | mijner, mijns |
2nd person | jij | je | jou | je | jouw | je | jouwe | je | jouwer, jouws |
2nd person archaic or regiolectal | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | zich | uwer, uws |
3rd person masculine | hij | ie1 | hem | 'm1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
3rd person feminine | zij | ze | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | hare | zich | harer, haars |
3rd person neuter | het | 't1 | het | 't1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
plural | |||||||||
1st person | wij | we | ons | – | ons, onze2 | – | onze | ons | onzer, onzes |
2nd person | jullie | je | jullie | je | jullie | je | – | je | – |
2nd person archaic or regiolectal6 | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | zich | uwer, uws |
3rd person | zij | ze | hen3, hun4 | ze | hun | – | hunne | zich | hunner, huns |
1) Not as common in written language. 2) Inflected as an adjective. 3) In prescriptivist use, used only as direct object (accusative). 4) In prescriptivist use, used only as indirect object (dative). | 5) Archaic. Nowadays used for formal, literary or poetic purposes, and in fixed expressions. 6) To differentiate from the singular gij, and in a similar vein to "you lot" or "you guys" in English, it is common to use gijlui ("you people") or gijlieden ("you people") or one of their contracted variants, and their corresponding objects, possessives and reflexives, in the plural. |
Alternative forms
- (Brabantian) a
Synonyms
Letter
u (lower case, upper case U)
u - Esperanto
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA: /u/
- (phoneme): IPA: /u/
Letter
u (lower case, upper case U)
Noun
u (accusative singular u-on, plural u-oj, accusative plural u-ojn)
u - Fala
Article
u m sg (plural us, feminine a, feminine plural as)
- (Lagarteiru, Valverdeñu) Masculine singular definite article; the
Pronoun
u
- (Lagarteiru, Valverdeñu) Third person singular masculine accusative pronoun; him
u - Faroese
Pronunciation
- IPA: /uː/
Letter
u (upper case U)
u - Finnish
Letter
u (lower case, upper case U)
u - French
Pronunciation
- IPA: /y/
Noun
u m (plural u)
u - Fula
Letter
u (lower case, upper case U)
Usage notes
u - Galician
Pronunciation
- IPA: /ˈu/
Noun
u m (plural us)
- the name of the letter U.
Pronunciation
- IPA: /ˈu/
Adverb
u
u - Gothic
Romanization
u
- Romanization of 𐌿
u - Guinea-Bissau Creole
Pronoun
u
- you (second person singular).
u - Hungarian
Pronunciation
- (phoneme): IPA: [ˈu]
- (letter name): IPA: [ˈu]
Letter
u (lower case, upper case U)
Declension
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | u | u-k |
accusative | u-t | u-kat |
dative | u-nak | u-knak |
instrumental | u-val | u-kkal |
causal-final | u-ért | u-kért |
translative | u-vá | u-kká |
terminative | u-ig | u-kig |
essive-formal | u-ként | u-kként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | u-ban | u-kban |
superessive | u-n | u-kon |
adessive | u-nál | u-knál |
illative | u-ba | u-kba |
sublative | u-ra | u-kra |
allative | u-hoz | u-khoz |
elative | u-ból | u-kból |
delative | u-ról | u-król |
ablative | u-tól | u-któl |
non-attributive possessive - singular | u-é | u-ké |
non-attributive possessive - plural | u-éi | u-kéi |
Possessive forms of u | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | u-m | u-im |
2nd person sing. | u-d | u-id |
3rd person sing. | u-ja | u-i |
1st person plural | u-nk | u-ink |
2nd person plural | u-tok | u-itok |
3rd person plural | u-juk | u-ik |
u - Ido
Pronunciation
- (context pronunciation, letter name) IPA: /u/
Letter
u (upper case U)
u - Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA: /ˈu/*
- Hyphenation: ù
Letter
u f or m (invariable, lower case, upper case U)
Noun
u f (invariable)
u - Japanese
Romanization
u
u - K'iche'
Pronoun
u
- his, her, its
u - Lashi
Pronunciation
- IPA: /ʔu/
Noun
u
Verb
u
u - Latin
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA: /uː/, [uː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA: /u/, [uː]
Noun
ū f (indeclinable)
- The name of the letter V.
Coordinate terms
u - Latvian
Pronunciation 1
- IPA: [u]
Letter
u (lower case, upper case U)
Pronunciation 2
- IPA: [u]
Noun
u m (invariable)
u - Lithuanian
Pronunciation
- (phoneme) IPA: /ʊ/
Letter
u (upper case U)
u - Livonian
Pronunciation
- (phoneme) IPA: /u/
Letter
u (upper case U)
u - Malay
Letter
u (lower case, upper case U)
u - Maltese
Pronunciation
- IPA: /u/ (short phoneme)
- IPA: /uː/ (long phoneme)
- IPA: /ɔw/, /aw/ (after għ; variation is regional and idiolectal)
- In inherited words, short u occurs almost exclusively in unstressed syllables. In borrowings, it is a full phoneme and commonly stressed.
Letter
u (lower case, upper case U)
Pronunciation
- IPA: /u/ (between consonants)
- IPA: /w/ (before or after a vowel)
- Homophone: hu
Conjunction
u
- and; used to connect words, phrases, etc.
- il-kelb u l-qattus ― the dog and the cat
- tpejjep u tixrob ― she smokes and drinks
- when, as; used after a personal pronoun and followed by an active participle or imperfect verb
- huma u reqdin
- when they were sleeping
- (literally, “they and sleeping”)
- aħna u nitkellmu
- when we were talking
- (literally, “we and we talk”)
Alternative forms
- w (superseded representation of the consonantal pronunciation)
u - Marshallese
Pronunciation
- (phonetic) IPA: [wu]
- (phonemic) IPA: /wiw/
- Bender phonemes: {wiw}
Noun
u (construct form uin)
- (alienable) a fish trap
u - Mauritian Creole
Pronoun
u (informal to)
- Alternative spelling of ou
u - Mezquital Otomi
Alternative forms
- ʼų́ (obsolete)
Noun
ú
Adjective
ú
Derived terms
u - Middle Dutch
Determiner
u
- your (plural)
- your (singular, informal)
Usage notes
See the usage notes for gi.
Descendants
Pronoun
u
- accusative/dative of gi
Descendants
- Dutch: u
u - Middle English
Noun
u
- Alternative form of ew
u - Middle French
Letter
u
Usage notes
- u and v were represented by a single character in Middle French, although scholars consider them to be separate letters both in terms of usage and in terms of pronunciation.
u - Middle High German
Pronoun
ū
- (personal pronoun, dative, Middle German) Alternative form of iu.
u - Middle Low German
Pronunciation
- IPA: /uː/
Pronoun
û
Declension
Possessive pronoun:
nominative | accusative | dative | genitive | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Strong declension | ||||
Masculine | û | ûwen | ûwem(e) (ûwennote) | ûwes |
Neuter | û | |||
Feminine | ûwe | ûwer(e) | ||
Plural | ûwe | ûwen | ûwer(e) | |
Weak declension | ||||
Masculine | ûwe | ûwen | ûwen | |
Neuter | ûwe | |||
Feminine | ûwen | |||
Plural | ûwen | |||
The longer forms become rarer in the course of the period. |
u - Norman
Alternative forms
Noun
u m (plural uûs or uur)
u - Norwegian
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA: /ʉː/
- (phoneme): IPA: /ʉː/, /ʉ/, /ʊ/
Letter
u
u - Nupe
Pronunciation
- (phoneme): IPA: /u/, (after /n/ or /m/) /ũ/
Letter
u (lower case, upper case U)
u - Occitan
Noun
u f (plural us)
- u (the letter u, U)
u - Old French
Adverb
u
- Alternative form of ou (“where”)
Descendants
Letter
u
Usage notes
- u and v were represented by a single character in Old French, although scholars consider them to be separate letters both in terms of usage and in terms of pronunciation.
u - Old Galician-Portuguese
Pronunciation
- IPA: /ˈu/
Adverb
u
Descendants
u - Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA: /u/
- Syllabification: u
Letter
u (upper case U, lower case)
Preposition
u (+ genitive)
- at, chez (at the home or workplace of)
- u Kasi ― at Kasia's
- u rodziców ― at one's parents
- u lekarza ― at the doctor's
- u dentysty ― at the dentist's
- at, by
- u drzwi ― at the door
- u bram ― at the gates
- of (indicates that something forms part of a whole)
- palce u nogi ― toes (literally, “fingers of the foot”)
- in (indicates that a phenomenon or effect relates to or is observed in a certain person, thing or group)
- u mężczyzn ― in men
- u dzikich zwierząt ― in wild animals
u - Portuguese
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA: /ˈu/
- (Portugal) IPA: /ˈu/
Letter
u (lower case, upper case U)
Noun
u m (plural us)
- u (name of the letter U, u)
Adverb
u
Article
u m
- Eye dialect spelling of o.
u - Pumpokol
Pronoun
u
- you (second-person plural subjective)
Synonyms
u - Romani
Pronunciation
- IPA: /u/
Letter
u (lower case, upper case U)
u - Romanian
Pronunciation
- IPA: /u/
Letter
u (lower case, upper case U)
u - Romansch
Conjunction
u
u - Rumu
Noun
u
u - Salar
Pronoun
u
Declension
u - Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
- IPA: /u/
Alternative forms
- (uppercase) U
Letter
u (Cyrillic spelling у)
Preposition
u (Cyrillic spelling у)
- (+ locative case) in, at (without change of position, answering the question gdjȅ/gdȅ)
- biti u školi ― to be in school
- u c(ij)elom društvu ― in the whole society
- (+ accusative case) to, into (with change of position, answering the question kùda)
- ići u školu ― to go to school
- putovati u Ameriku ― to travel to America
- (+ accusative case) on, in, at, during (in expressions concerning time)
- u podne ― at noon
- u sr(ij)edu ― on Wednesday
- u zoru ― at dawn
- U koliko sati? ― At what time?
- (+ locative case) in, during (in expressions concerning time)
- u jednom danu ― in one day
- u mladosti ― during one's youth
Preposition
u (Cyrillic spelling у)
- (+ genitive case) chez
u - Sicilian
Pronunciation
- IPA: /u/ (stressed)
- IPA: /ʊ/ (unstressed)
Article
Usage notes
- As for other Romance languages, such as Neapolitan or Portuguese, Sicilian definite articles have undergone a consonant lenition that has led to the phonetic fall of the initial l. The use of this illiquid variant has not yet made the use of liquid variants disappear, but today it is still the prevalent use in speech and writing.
- In the case of the production of literary texts, such as singing or poetry, or of formal and institutional texts, resorting to "liquid articles" and "liquid articulated prepositions" confers greater euphony to the text, although it may sound a form of courtly recovery.
- Illiquid definite articles can be phonetically absorbed by the following noun. I.e: l'arancinu (liquid) and ârancinu (illiquid).
Inflection
Sicilian articles | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine singular definite article | Feminine singular definite article | Masculine and feminine plural definite article | ||
Definite articles (liquid) | lu | la | li | |
Definite articles (illiquid) | u | a | i | |
Definite articles | nu (also: un,'n) | na |
Alternative forms
- lu (liquid form)
Pronunciation
- IPA: /u/ (stressed)
- IPA: /ʊ/ (unstressed)
Pronoun
- (accusative) him
- U canusci? ― Do you know him?
- Synonym: lu
- (accusative) it, this or that thing
- Synonym: lu
- Quannu tû desi. ― When I gave it to you.
Usage notes
- This pronoun can blend in contracted forms with other particles, especially other personal pronominal particles.
Inflection
Sicilian pronominal particles | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine singular pronominal particles | Feminine singular pronominal particles | Masculine and feminine plural pronominal particles | ||
mi | mû | mâ | mî | |
ti | tû | tâ | tî | |
ci | ci u | ci a | cî | |
ni | nû | nâ | nî | |
vi | vû | vâ | vî | |
ci | ci u | ci a | cî |
u - Skolt Sami
Pronunciation
- (phoneme) IPA: /u/, /w/
Letter
u (upper case U)
u - Somali
Preposition
u
Usage notes
u - Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA: /u/ [u]
- Syllabification: u
Letter
u (lower case, upper case U)
Noun
u f (plural úes)
- Name of the letter U
Pronunciation
- IPA: /u/, [u], [w]
Conjunction
u
Usage notes
Used instead of o when the following word starts with a vowel sound which is pronounced /o/.
Alternative forms
- ú (obsolete)
u - Sumerian
Romanization
u
- Romanization of 𒌋 (u)
u - Swahili
Verb
u
- (uncommon, archaic) you are; thou art
- u hali gani? ― how are you doing?
- Pepo waliwatoka watu wengi, wakapiga kelele wakisema: "Wewe u Mwana wa Mungu!" ― Demons came out of many people, shouting, "You are the Son of God!"
Usage notes
This term is archaic except in the common greeting u hali gani. Along with m and ni it is not conjugated.
u - Swedish
Pronunciation
- Letter name
- IPA: /ʉː/
- Phoneme
- IPA: /ʉː/, /ɵ/
Letter
u (lower case, upper case U)
u - Tausug
Noun
ū
Derived terms
u - Tolai
Pronoun
u
- Second-person singular pronoun: you (singular)
Declension
u - Torres Strait Creole
Noun
u
Usage notes
U is the sixth stage of coconut growth. It is preceded by pes and followed by drai koknat.
u - Turkish
Letter
Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.
Noun
u
u - Turkmen
Pronunciation
- (phoneme) IPA: /u/, /uː/
Letter
u (upper case U)
u - Tzotzil
Pronunciation
- IPA: /ʔu/
Noun
u
Synonyms
- (moon): jch'ul me'tik
u - Uyghur
Letter
u
- Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.
Pronoun
u
- Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.
u - Uzbek
Pronoun
u
Declension
Nominative | Accusative | Genitive | Dative | Locative | Ablative | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | 1st person | men | meni | mening | menga | menda | mendan |
2nd person | sen | seni | sening | senga | senda | sendan | |
3rd person | u | uni | uning | unga | unda | undan | |
plural | 1st person | biz | bizni | bizning | bizga | bizda | bizdan |
2nd person | siz | sizni | sizning | sizga | sizda | sizdan | |
3rd person | ular | ularni | ularning | ularga | ularda | ulardan |
Pronoun
u (plural ular)
Determiner
u
u - Vietnamese
Pronunciation
Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.
Noun
Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.
Synonyms
Noun
(classifier Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.) Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.
- a nodule; protuberance; swelling
- Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information. a tumor; neoplasm
Derived terms
- u mỡ
- u xơ tử cung
- u nang buồng trứng
Verb
Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.
Noun
Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.
Noun
Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.
u - Volapük
Conjunction
u
Alternative forms
- (in front of vowels) ud
u - Welsh
Alternative forms
- (with grave accent to indicate otherwise unpredictable short vowel): ù
- (with acute accent to indicate unusually stressed short vowel): ú
- (with circumflex to indicate otherwise unpredictable or unusually stressed long vowel or disyllabicity): û
- (with diaeresis to indicate disyllabicity): ü
Pronunciation
- Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information. IPA: /ɨː/
- Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information. IPA: /ˌiː ˈbeːdɔl/, /ˌiː ˈbɛdɔl/, /ˌiː ˈɡʊpan/
Letter
Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.
- The twenty-eighth letter of the Welsh alphabet, called u and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by th and followed by w.
Mutation
- u cannot mutate but, being a vowel, does take h-prothesis, for example with the word uchelwydd (“mistletoe”):
Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.
Derived terms
- Digraph sequences: uw
Noun
Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.
- The name of the Latin-script letter U/u.Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.
Mutation
Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.
u - Yoruba
Pronunciation
- (phoneme): IPA: /u/
- (letter name): IPA: /ú/
Letter
Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.
Noun
Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.
Pronunciation
- (mid-tone): IPA: /ū/
- (high-tone): IPA: /ú/
Pronoun
Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.
- him, her, it (third-person singular object pronoun following a monosyllabic verb with a high-tone /u/)
Pronoun
Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.
- him, her, it (third-person singular object pronoun following a monosyllabic verb with a low- or mid-tone /u/)
u - Zou
Pronunciation
- IPA: /u˧/
Noun
u
u - Zulu
Letter
Lua error: not enough memory. See Lua memory errors for more information.