them

See also: thêm

them - English

Alternative forms

dem (nonstandard)
em
'em

Pronunciation

(stressed) enPR: thĕm, IPA: /ðɛm/
- (stressed, NYC) IPA: [d̪ɛm]
(unstressed) enPR: thəm, IPA: /ðəm/
- (unstressed, NYC) IPA: [d̪ʌm]
- (unstressed, nonstandard, General American) IPA: /ðʌm/

Pronoun

them (third-person, personal pronoun, objective case of they)

(in the plural) Those ones.
1. Used as the direct object of a verb.
  - She treated them for a cold.
2. Used as the indirect object of a verb.
  - She wrote them a letter.
3. Used as the object of a preposition.
  - Give it to them.
(in the singular) A single person, previously mentioned, especially if of unknown or non-binary gender.
1. Used as the direct object of a verb.
  - If a student has an inappropriate question, whatever you do, do not berate them.
2. Used as the indirect object of a verb.
  - If one of my patients calls, please bring them their dinner.
3. Used as the object of a preposition.
  - If someone comes and asks for the ticket, just give it to them.

Usage notes

Regarding the use of singular them, see they.

Related terms

Translations

Albanian: ata (sq), ato (sq), atyre (sq)
Arabic: ـهُم‎ (ar) m pl (-hum), ـهُنَّ‎ (ar) f pl (-hunna), ـهُمَا‎ du (-humā), إِيَّاهُم‎ m pl (ʔiyyāhum), إِيَّاهُنَّ‎ f pl (ʔiyyāhunna), إيَّاهُمَا‎ m du or f du (ʔiyyāhumā)
- Egyptian Arabic: ـهم‎ (-hum)
Armenian: նրանց (nrancʿ), իրենց (hy) (irencʿ)
- Old Armenian: նոցա (nocʿa), նոսա (nosa)
Azerbaijani: onları (accusative), onlara (dative), onlarda (locative), onlarla (commitative), onlarsız (abessive)
Bulgarian: тях (bg) (tjah), им (bg) (im)
Burmese: သူတို့ (sutui.), သူများ (my) (su-mya:)
Catalan: (accusative) els (ca) m, les (ca) f, (dative) els (ca)
Chechen: царна (carna)
Chinese:
- Mandarin: 他們／他们 (zh) (tāmen) (human), 她們／她们 (zh) (tāmen) (human, female only), 牠們／它们 (zh) (tāmen) (animal), 它們／它们 (zh) (tāmen) (inanimate)
- Min Nan: 𪜶 (zh-min-nan) (in)
Czech: jich (cs) (genitive, locative), nich (cs) (genitive, locative after preposition), jim (cs) (dative), nim (cs) (dative after preposition), je (cs) (accusative), ně (cs) (accusative after preposition), jimi (cs) (instrumental) nimi (cs) (instrumental after preposition)
Danish: dem (da)
Dutch: hen (nl) (esp. for direct objects), hun (nl) (esp. for indirect objects), ze (nl) (unemphatic)
Esperanto: ili (eo), ilin (eo)
Ewe: wo
Faroese: teir (fo), tær (fo), tey (fo) (accusative case), teimum, teim (dative case)
Finnish: heidät (fi), heitä (fi), heillä (fi), heille (fi), (inflected forms of he - "they", of which the ones listed are the most frequently used), heiltä (fi), niille (fi) (of things or informally of people), niitä (fi) (of things or informally of people)
French: (accusative) les (fr), (dative) leur (fr), (after preposition or emphatic) eux (fr) m, (after preposition or emphatic) elles (fr) f
Georgian: მათ (mat), იმათ (imat)
German: ihnen (de) (dative), sie (de) (accusative)
Haitian Creole: yo
Hopi: pumuy
Hungarian: őket (hu), azokat (hu)
Ido: li (io), ili (io) m, eli (io) f, oli (io) n
Indonesian: mereka (id)
Irish: iad, iadsan (emphatic)
- Old Irish: s-, da-, -us
Italian: (after preposition) loro (it), (indirect object) loro (it), (indirect object, emphatic) a loro, (indirect object with an imperative verb) loro (it), (direct object; enclitic) li (it) m, le (it) f, (direct object, emphatic) loro (it), (indirect object, colloquial; enclitic, becomes glie when used with a direct object) gli (it)
Kazakh: оларды (kk) (olardy)
Latin: see inflected plural forms of: is (la), ille (la), hic (la)
Louisiana Creole French: yé
Manx: ad (gv), adsyn (emphatic)
Maori: rāua (referring to two people), rātau (referring to three or more people), rātou (referring to three or more people)
Norwegian: dem (no)
Pitcairn-Norfolk: dem
Polish: ich (pl) m pl, je (pl) f pl
Portuguese: os (pt) m pl (direct object), lhes (pt) m pl or f pl (dative), eles (pt) m pl (preposition), as (pt) f pl (direct object), elas (pt) f pl (preposition)
Romanian: ei (ro) m pl (direct object) (stressed form), ele (ro) f pl (direct object) (stressed form), îi m pl (direct object) (unstressed form), le f pl (direct object) (unstressed form), lor (ro) m pl or f pl (indirect object) (stressed form), le m pl or f pl (indirect object) (unstressed form)
Russian: их (ru) (ix) (direct object), им (ru) (im) (indirect object), (see они́ (ru) (oní) they for the complete declension)
Scots: thaim
Slovak: (dative) im, (accusative) ich (sk)
Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: jej du, je pl (inanimate); jeju du, jich pl (animate)
Spanish: a ellos m pl, a ellas f pl, los (es) m (accusative), las (es) f (accusative), les (es) n (accusative, neologism), les (es) (dative)
Swedish: dem (sv)
Turkish: onlar (tr)
Ukrainian: їх (jix), їм (jim)
Venetian: lori (vec)
Wolof: leen
Yoruba: wọ́n (following a complex verb or monosyllabic verb ending in a low- or mid-tone), wọn (following a monosyllabic verb ending in a high tone)
Zulu: bona class 2 (usually for people), yona class 4, wona class 6, zona class 8, zona class 10

Finnish: hänet (fi), häntä (fi), hänellä (fi), hänelle (fi), (inflected forms of hän - "he, she", of which the ones listed are the most frequently used) häneltä (fi), sitä (fi) (of things or informally of people), sille (fi) (of things or informally of people), hälle (poetic or dialectal), siltä (fi) (of things or informally of people)
Spanish: le (es) n (neologism, dative or accusative)
Swedish: hen (sv)

Determiner

them

(dialectal) Those.

Anagrams

MHET, meth, meth-, TEHM

them - Albanian

Alternative forms

thom
tham

Pronunciation

IPA: [θem]

Verb

them (first-person singular past tense thashë, participle thënë)

I say

Conjugation

Show compound tenses:

		singular			plural
		participle		thënë
		gerund		duke thënë
		infinitive		për të thënë
		1st pers.	2nd pers.	3rd pers.	1st pers.	2nd pers.	3rd pers.
indicative	present	them	thua	thotë	themi	thoni	thonë
	imperfect	thosha	thoshe	thoshte	thoshim	thoshit	thoshin
	aorist	thashë	the	tha	thamë	thatë	thanë
	perfect	kam thënë	ke thënë	ka thënë	kemi thënë	keni thënë	kanë thënë
	past perfect	kisha thënë	kishe thënë	kishte thënë	kishim thënë	kishit thënë	kishin thënë
	aorist II	pata thënë	pate thënë	pati thënë	patëm thënë	patët thënë	patën thënë
	future¹	do të them	do të thuash	do të thotë	do të themi	do të thoni	do të thonë
	future perfect²	do të kem thënë	do të kesh thënë	do të ketë thënë	do të kemi thënë	do të keni thënë	do të kenë thënë
subjunctive	present	të them	të thuash	të thotë	të themi	të thoni	të thonë
	imperfect	të thosha	të thoshe	të thoshte	të thoshim	të thoshit	të thoshin
	perfect	të kem thënë	të kesh thënë	të ketë thënë	të kemi thënë	të keni thënë	të kenë thënë
	past perfect	të kisha thënë	të kishe thënë	të kishte thënë	të kishim thënë	të kishit thënë	të kishin thënë
conditional^{1, 2}	imperfect	do të thosha	do të thoshe	do të thoshte	do të thoshim	do të thoshit	do të thoshin
conditional^{1, 2}	past perfect	do të kisha thënë	do të kishe thënë	do të kishte thënë	do të kishim thënë	do të kishit thënë	do të kishin thënë
optative	present	thënça	thënç	thëntë	thënçim	thënçit	thënçin
optative	perfect	paça thënë	paç thënë	pastë thënë	paçim thënë	paçit thënë	paçin thënë
admirative	present	thënkam	thënke	thënka	thënkemi	thënkeni	thënkan
	imperfect	thënkësha	thënkëshe	thënkësh	thënkëshim	thënkëshit	thënkëshin
	perfect	paskam thënë	paske thënë	paska thënë	paskemi thënë	paskeni thënë	paskan thënë
	past perfect	paskësha thënë	paskëshe thënë	paskësh thënë	paskëshim thënë	paskëshit thënë	paskëshin thënë
imperative	present	—	thuaj	—	—	thoni	—
¹) indicative future identical with conditional present ²) indicative future perfect identical with conditional perfect

Derived terms

kundërthem

them - Kalo Finnish Romani

Noun

them m

country, state

Derived terms

Anglkaano them
botnosko them
daadesko them
Danskako them
Finitiko them
Finnosko them
Greekako them
Gruopako them
horttibkosko them
Portiko them
Sveediko them
themmeskiero
vildo them

them - Middle English

Pronoun

them

Alternative spelling of þem (“them”)

Determiner

them

Alternative spelling of þem (“the, that, this”)

Noun

them

Alternative form of tem (“group”)

Verb

them

Alternative form of temen (“to produce offspring”)

them - Mizo

Noun

them

part

them - Romani

Noun

them m (plural thema)

country

Descendants

Kalo Finnish Romani: them
Welsh Romani: them

them - Welsh Romani

Noun

them m (in the plural thema)

land, country
country (as opposed to town)
earth, world

Derived terms

'Måro Them
'Pre O Them
Akala Thema
Akava Them
Angitrako Them
Barenengo Them
basavo phirimasko them
bengesko them
bita them
Bålengo Them
develesko them
Dešnengo Them
džambengo them
Flumeriako Them
Gaudrako Them
Gaudrengo Them
Guruvengo Them
guruvesko them
kekengo them
Kial-Måresko Them
Kialesko Them
Klizinako Them
Kålo Them
Lovinako Them
Marikiako Them
Muzako Them
någo them
phabengo them
rukhano them
Slačengo Them
Sutle-Måresko Them
Talano Them
talano them
them kaj pračel o kham
themeskero
themesko
Vangaresko Them
vaver them
vešlo them
Vålšano Them
Vålšenengo Them
Vålšitika Them
Xindo Them
xoraxano them
Xujimen Them
Xåndžvalo Them
Zuminako Them
Čoxengo Them