k-

See also: Variations of "k"

k- - Translingual

Prefix

(SI prefix) Abbreviation of kilo-.

k- - English

Prefix

(BBS and Internet slang, dated) Used as an intensifier.

Derived terms

k-rad

k- - Albanian

Alternative forms

kë-

Prefix

to-,

Derived terms

Albanian terms prefixed with k-

k- - Cayuga

Alternative forms

g- (before vowels and y)

Prefix

first person agent pronominal prefix; I

k- - Emilian

Pronunciation

IPA: /k/

Adjective

(before a vowel) Alternative form of kí

k- - Maquiritari

Alternative forms

(allomorphs) kü-, ku-, ki-

Pronunciation

IPA: [k-]

Prefix

Marks a noun as having a first-person-dual-inclusive possessor.
Marks a postposition as having a first-person-dual-inclusive object.
Marks a transitive verb as having a first-person-dual-inclusive patient/object when the agent/subject is of third person with verb forms that take series I markers.
Marks a transitive verb as having a first-person-dual-inclusive patient/object when the agent/subject is unspecified with verb forms that take series II markers.
Marks a transitive verb as having a second-person agent/subject and a first-person or first-person-dual-exclusive patient/object.
Marks an intransitive verb with agent- or patient-like argument as having a first-person-dual-inclusive argument/subject, regardless of whether the verb form takes series I or series II markers.
Marks a verb form derived with n- and -dü or -'jüdü as having a first-person-dual-inclusive agent/subject.

Usage notes

The form taken by this prefix depends on the first syllable of the stem it attaches to:

k- if the first syllable begins with a vowel.
kü- if the first syllable begins with a consonant and its vowel is anything but u or i.
ku- if the first syllable begins with a consonant and its vowel is u.
ki- if the first syllable begins with a consonant and its vowel is i.

Inflection

	pronoun	noun possessor/ series II verb argument		postposition object		series I verb argument
	pronoun	noun possessor/ series II verb argument		postposition object		transitive patient	intransitive patient-like		intransitive agent-like	transitive agent
first person	ewü	y-, ∅-, ü-, u-						w-, wi-
first person dual inclusive	küwü	k-, kü-, ku-, ki-								k-, kii-, ki-
second person	amödö	ö-, öy-/öd-, o-, oy-/od-, a-, ay-/ad-							m-, mi-
first person dual exclusive	nña	y-/d-, ch-, ∅-, i-			chö-	∅-	n-, ni-
third person	tüwü	y-/d-, ch-, ∅-, i-			chö-	n-, ni-	n-, ni-
distant past third person	tüwü	—				kün-, kun-, kin-, ken-, küm-, kum-, kim-, kini-
coreferential/reflexive	—	t-, tü-, tu-, ti-, te-				—
reciprocal	—	—	öö-

	series I verb argument: transitive agent and transitive patient
first person > second person	mön-, man-, mon-, möm-, möni-
first person dual exclusive > second person	mön-, man-, mon-, möm-, möni-
second person > first person	k-, kü-, ku-, ki-
second person > first person dual exclusive	k-, kü-, ku-, ki-
third person > any person X …or… any person X > third person	see person X in the chart above

Alternative forms

(allomorphs) kii-, ki-

Pronunciation

IPA: [k-]

Prefix

Marks a transitive verb as having a first-person-dual-inclusive agent/subject.

Usage notes

The form taken by this prefix depends on the first syllable of the stem it attaches to:

k- if the first syllable begins with a vowel. In addition, if the first syllable is an open syllable, then its vowel is lengthened.
kii- if the first syllable begins with a consonant.
ki- if the first syllable begins with two consonants, e.g. as a result of syllable reduction.

In the latter two cases the initial consonant is also palatalized if possible.

Inflection

	pronoun	noun possessor/ series II verb argument		postposition object		series I verb argument
	pronoun	noun possessor/ series II verb argument		postposition object		transitive patient	intransitive patient-like		intransitive agent-like	transitive agent
first person	ewü	y-, ∅-, ü-, u-						w-, wi-
first person dual inclusive	küwü	k-, kü-, ku-, ki-								k-, kii-, ki-
second person	amödö	ö-, öy-/öd-, o-, oy-/od-, a-, ay-/ad-							m-, mi-
first person dual exclusive	nña	y-/d-, ch-, ∅-, i-			chö-	∅-	n-, ni-
third person	tüwü	y-/d-, ch-, ∅-, i-			chö-	n-, ni-	n-, ni-
distant past third person	tüwü	—				kün-, kun-, kin-, ken-, küm-, kum-, kim-, kini-
coreferential/reflexive	—	t-, tü-, tu-, ti-, te-				—
reciprocal	—	—	öö-

	series I verb argument: transitive agent and transitive patient
first person > second person	mön-, man-, mon-, möm-, möni-
first person dual exclusive > second person	mön-, man-, mon-, möm-, möni-
second person > first person	k-, kü-, ku-, ki-
second person > first person dual exclusive	k-, kü-, ku-, ki-
third person > any person X …or… any person X > third person	see person X in the chart above

k- - Mohawk

Prefix

first person agent pronominal prefix; I

Alternative forms

-	Initial consonant
Environment	t/s/h/k	n/r/w/’	a	e/en	o/on	i	y
Word-Initial	k-	ke-	k-	k-	k-	k-	t-

k- - Oneida

Prefix

first person agent pronominal prefix; I