j

See also: J, յ, and Variations of "j"

j - Translingual

Letter

j (upper case J)

The tenth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

Symbol

(IPA) palatal approximant, yod.
(IPA, superscript) palatalization ([j]-coloring), or a weak, fleeting or epenthetic [j] – see ʲ.
(pharmacy, obsolete) one.
- ℥j
  - one ounce
(physics) imaginary unit

Gallery

Letter styles
Normal and italic J
Uppercase and lowercase J in Fraktur

j - English

Pronunciation

(phoneme): IPA: /dʒ/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J, plural js or j's)

The tenth letter of the English alphabet, called jay and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

In Spanish language loanwords and names, "j" is pronounced as an "h", for example in fajita and Julio.
The name of this letter is spelled jay, plural jays
In Scotland, this letter is sometimes spelled jy, to reflect the local pronunciation.

Derived terms

j-word

Noun

j (plural js)

(slang) A term for a marijuana cigarette ('joint').
- "I went outside to smoke myself a J" — Paul Simon, from the song "Late in the Evening" from the album, "One Trick Pony."
(mathematics) An alternative version of i, the positive square root of -1; used in the context of electronics.
(mathematics) The second unit vector, after i

Suffix

(stenoscript) a suffix or final syllable /ʃən/ (-tion, -sion, etc.)

j - Araki

Pronunciation

IPA: /t͡ʃ/

Letter

j (uppercase J)

A letter of the Araki alphabet.

j - Azerbaijani

Pronunciation

(phoneme) IPA: /ʒ/

Letter

j lower case (upper case J)

The fifteenth letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

j - Basque

Pronunciation

IPA: (Southern) /xota/, [xo̞.t̪a]
IPA: (Northern) /jota/, [jo̞.t̪a]

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

The tenth letter of the Basque alphabet, called jota and written in the Latin script.

j - Dutch

Pronunciation

(letter name): IPA: /jeː/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

The tenth letter of the Dutch alphabet.

j - Egyptian

Pronunciation

(modern Egyptological) IPA: /i/
- Conventional anglicization: i

Interjection

O! (vocative interjection)

Alternative forms

jꜣ

Descendants

Old Coptic: ⲏⲓ (ēi)

Verb

(transitive) to say

Usage notes

By historical times, this verb is used almost exclusively as part of the quotative jn in its various forms.

Alternative forms

Noun

(rare) statement, report, word (about someone’s good qualities)

Usage notes

The above quotes constitute all the known attestations of this word.

Alternative forms

jjj

Noun

some part of a reed, likely panicles or leaves

Alternative forms

j - Esperanto

Pronunciation

(letter name): IPA: /jo/
(phoneme): IPA: /j/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

The thirteenth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called jo and written in the Latin script.

j - Estonian

Pronunciation

IPA: /ˈjotʲː/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

The tenth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called jott and written in the Latin script.

j - Faroese

Pronunciation

IPA: /j/

Letter

j (upper case J)

The twelfth letter of the Faroese alphabet, called jodd and written in the Latin script.

j - Finnish

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

The tenth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called jii and written in the Latin script.

j - French

Pronunciation

(letter name) IPA: /ʒi/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

The tenth letter of the French alphabet, written in the Latin script.

j - Fula

Pronunciation

IPA: /dʒ/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

A letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).

j - Gothic

Romanization

Romanization of 𐌾

j - Hungarian

Pronunciation

(phoneme): IPA: [ˈj]
(letter name): IPA: [ˈjeː]

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

The seventeenth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called jé and written in the Latin script.

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	j	j-k
accusative	j-t	j-ket
dative	j-nek	j-knek
instrumental	j-vel	j-kkel
causal-final	j-ért	j-kért
translative	j-vé	j-kké
terminative	j-ig	j-kig
essive-formal	j-ként	j-kként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	j-ben	j-kben
superessive	j-n	j-ken
adessive	j-nél	j-knél
illative	j-be	j-kbe
sublative	j-re	j-kre
allative	j-hez	j-khez
elative	j-ből	j-kből
delative	j-ről	j-kről
ablative	j-től	j-ktől
non-attributive possessive - singular	j-é	j-ké
non-attributive possessive - plural	j-éi	j-kéi

Possessive forms of j
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	j-m	j-im
2nd person sing.	j-d	j-id
3rd person sing.	j-je	j-i
1st person plural	j-nk	j-ink
2nd person plural	j-tek	j-itek
3rd person plural	j-jük	j-ik

j - Icelandic

Pronunciation

(letter name) IPA: /jɔðː/

Letter

j (upper case J)

The thirteenth letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.

j - Ido

Pronunciation

(context pronunciation) IPA: /ʒ/
(letter name) IPA: /ʒe/

Letter

j (upper case J)

The tenth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

j - Indonesian

Pronunciation

(letter name): IPA: /d͡ʒe/
(phoneme): IPA: /d͡ʒ/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

The tenth letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

j - Italian

Letter

j f or m (invariable, lower case, upper case J)

the tenth letter of the Latin alphabet, called i lunga in Italian

Usage notes

The letter J is not considered part of the contemporary Italian alphabet. See under J.

j - Karelian

Pronunciation

(phoneme) IPA: /j/

Letter

j (upper case J)

The tenth letter of the Karelian alphabet, called jii and written in the Latin script.

j - Latvian

Pronunciation

IPA: [j]

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

The fifteenth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called jē and written in the Latin script.

j - Livonian

Pronunciation

(phoneme) IPA: /j/

Letter

j (upper case J)

The fifteenth letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

j - Malay

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

The tenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

j - Mam

Pronunciation

IPA: /χ/

Letter

j (uppercase J)

A letter of the Mam alphabet.

j - Middle English

Pronoun

Alternative form of I (“I”)

j - Nupe

Pronunciation

(phoneme): IPA: /d͡ʒ/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

The twelfth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.

j - Polish

Pronunciation

IPA: /jɔt/

Letter

j (upper case J, lower case)

The thirteenth letter of the Polish alphabet, called jot and written in the Latin script.

j - Portuguese

Pronunciation

(phoneme) IPA: /ʒ/
(letter name) IPA: /ˈʒɔ.tɐ/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

The tenth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

j - Romani

Pronunciation

IPA: /j/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

(International Standard) The thirteenth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
(Pan-Vlax) The fourteenth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

j - Romanian

Pronunciation

IPA: /ʒ/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

The thirteenth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called je or jî and written in the Latin script.

j - Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

(uppercase): J

Pronunciation

(phoneme) IPA: /j/

Letter

j (Cyrillic spelling ј)

The fourteenth letter of the Serbo-Croatian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

j - Skolt Sami

Pronunciation

(phoneme) IPA: /ʝ/

Letter

j (upper case J)

The seventeenth letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

j - Spanish

Pronunciation

IPA: (phoneme) /x/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

The tenth letter of the Spanish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

j - Swedish

Pronunciation

Letter name

IPA: /jiː/

Phoneme

IPA: /j/, /ɧ/
- Homophone: g (in some positions)

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

The tenth letter of the Swedish alphabet, called ji and written in the Latin script.

j - Tagalog

Pronunciation

Hyphenation: j
(letter name, Filipino alphabet): IPA: /djej/, [d͡ʒɛɪ̯]
(letter name, Abecedario): IPA: /ˈhota/, [ˈho.tɐ]
(phoneme): IPA: /dj/, [d͡ʒ]
(phoneme, Spanish unadapted loanwords): IPA: /h/, [h]
(phoneme, Spanish unadapted loanwords, obsolete): IPA: /s/, [s]

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J, Baybayin spelling ᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜌ᜔)

The tenth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (Filipino alphabet), called dyey and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

This letter is mostly used only in slang, proper nouns, or unadapted loanwords.
Some purists of Tagalog replace j in words with dy.

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J, Baybayin spelling ᜑᜓᜆ)

(historical) The eleventh letter of the Tagalog alphabet (Abecedario), called jota and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

Some Spanish words originally with Spanish j tend to be replaced with h in Tagalog.

j - Turkish

Pronunciation

(phoneme): IPA: /ʒ/
(letter name): IPA: /ʒeː/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

The thirteenth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called je and written in the Latin script.

j - Turkmen

Pronunciation

(phoneme) IPA: /d͡ʒ/

Letter

j (upper case J)

The eleventh letter of the Turkmen alphabet, called je and written in the Latin script.

j - Uzbek

Pronunciation

(phoneme) IPA: /d͡ʒ/

Letter

j (upper case J)

The ninth letter of the Uzbek alphabet, called je and written in the Latin script.

j - Yoruba

Pronunciation

(phoneme): IPA: /d͡ʒ/
(letter name): IPA: /d͡ʒí/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

The eleventh letter of the Yoruba alphabet, called jí and written in the Latin script.

j - Zulu

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

The tenth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.