Conjugation of -iva |
Positive present |
-naiva |
Subjunctive |
-ive |
Negative |
-ivi |
Imperative singular |
iva |
|
Infinitives |
Positive |
kuiva |
Negative |
kutoiva |
|
Imperatives |
Singular |
iva |
Plural |
iveni |
|
Tensed forms |
Habitual |
huiva |
Positive past |
positive subject concord + -liiva |
Negative past |
negative subject concord + -kuiva |
|
Positive present (positive subject concord + -naiva) |
|
Singular |
Plural |
1st person |
ninaiva/naiva |
tunaiva |
2nd person |
unaiva |
mnaiva |
3rd person |
m-wa(I/II) |
anaiva |
wanaiva |
other classes |
positive subject concord + -naiva |
|
Negative present (negative subject concord + -ivi) |
|
Singular |
Plural |
1st person |
siivi |
hatuivi |
2nd person |
huivi |
hamwivi |
3rd person |
m-wa(I/II) |
haivi |
hawaivi |
other classes |
negative subject concord + -ivi |
|
Positive future |
positive subject concord + -taiva |
Negative future |
negative subject concord + -taiva |
|
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -ive) |
|
Singular |
Plural |
1st person |
niive |
tuive |
2nd person |
uive |
mwive |
3rd person |
m-wa(I/II) |
aive |
waive |
other classes |
positive subject concord + -ive |
|
Negative subjunctive |
positive subject concord + -siive |
Positive present conditional |
positive subject concord + -ngeiva |
Negative present conditional |
positive subject concord + -singeiva |
Positive past conditional |
positive subject concord + -ngaliiva |
Negative past conditional |
positive subject concord + -singaliiva |
|
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aiva) |
|
Singular |
Plural |
1st person |
naiva |
twaiva |
2nd person |
waiva |
mwaiva |
3rd person |
m-wa(I/II) |
aiva |
waiva |
m-mi(III/IV) |
waiva |
yaiva |
ji-ma(V/VI) |
laiva |
yaiva |
ki-vi(VII/VIII) |
chaiva |
vyaiva |
n(IX/X) |
yaiva |
zaiva |
u(XI) |
waiva |
see n(X) or ma(VI) class |
ku(XV/XVII) |
kwaiva |
|
pa(XVI) |
paiva |
|
mu(XVIII) |
mwaiva |
|
|
Perfect |
positive subject concord + -meiva |
"Already" |
positive subject concord + -meshaiva |
"Not yet" |
negative subject concord + -jaiva |
"If/When" |
positive subject concord + -kiiva |
"If not" |
positive subject concord + -sipoiva |
Consecutive |
kaiva / positive subject concord + -kaiva |
Consecutive subjunctive |
positive subject concord + -kaive |
|
Object concord (indicative positive) |
|
Singular |
Plural |
1st person |
-niiva |
-tuiva |
2nd person |
-kuiva |
-waiva/-kuiveni/-waiveni |
3rd person |
m-wa(I/II) |
-mwiva |
-waiva |
m-mi(III/IV) |
-uiva |
-iiva |
ji-ma(V/VI) |
-liiva |
-yaiva |
ki-vi(VII/VIII) |
-kiiva |
-viiva |
n(IX/X) |
-iiva |
-ziiva |
u(XI) |
-uiva |
see n(X) or ma(VI) class |
ku(XV/XVII) |
-kuiva |
|
pa(XVI) |
-paiva |
|
mu(XVIII) |
-muiva |
|
Reflexive |
-jiiva |
|
Relative forms |
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -iva- + relative marker) |
|
Singular |
Plural |
m-wa(I/II) |
-ivaye |
-ivao |
m-mi(III/IV) |
-ivao |
-ivayo |
ji-ma(V/VI) |
-ivalo |
-ivayo |
ki-vi(VII/VIII) |
-ivacho |
-ivavyo |
n(IX/X) |
-ivayo |
-ivazo |
u(XI) |
-ivao |
see n(X) or ma(VI) class |
ku(XV/XVII) |
-ivako |
|
pa(XVI) |
-ivapo |
|
mu(XVIII) |
-ivamo |
|
|
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -iva) |
|
Singular |
Plural |
m-wa(I/II) |
-yeiva |
-oiva |
m-mi(III/IV) |
-oiva |
-yoiva |
ji-ma(V/VI) |
-loiva |
-yoiva |
ki-vi(VII/VIII) |
-choiva |
-vyoiva |
n(IX/X) |
-yoiva |
-zoiva |
u(XI) |
-oiva |
see n(X) or ma(VI) class |
ku(XV/XVII) |
-koiva |
|
pa(XVI) |
-poiva |
|
mu(XVIII) |
-moiva |
|
|
|
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Swahili verbs for more information. |