es

See also: Variations of "es"

es - Translingual

Symbol

es

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Spanish.

Symbol

es

  1. (radio slang) a synonym for "and"
    • WX HR COLD ES RAINY
      • The weather here is cold & rainy.

es - English

Noun

es (plural esses)

  1. Alternative form of ess (letter 's') in compounds such as "es-hook".

Noun

es

  1. (rare) Alternative form of e's.

Verb

es (be)

  1. Pronunciation spelling of is.

Noun

es (plural eses)

  1. The name of the Cyrillic script letter С / с.

Anagrams

es - Afrikaans

Noun

es (plural esse)

  1. fireplace
    • Synonym: vuurherd

es - Alemannic German

Pronunciation

  • (Zurich) IPA: /əs/, /ɛs/

Article

es n

  1. neuter of en: a/an

Declension

Declension of en
masculine feminine neuter plural
nominative/accusative en e es -
dative emene enere emene -
  • Short forms of the dative – eme, ere, eme – are also common.

Pronoun

es n

  1. (personal) it

Declension

nominative accusative dative possessive m
1st person singular ich, imich, mimir, mier, mermin, miin
2nd person singular familiar dudich, didir, dier, derdin, diin
polite SiIne, Ene, -neIre
3rd person singular m erin, enimsin, siin
f si ire
n es, 's, -simsin, siin
1st person plural mir, mer üs, öis, ois, eusüse, öise, oise, euse
2nd person plural ir, ier öi, euöie, eure
3rd person plural siine, ene, -neire

es - Aragonese

Pronoun

es

  1. them (masculine direct object)

Synonyms

es - Arin

Alternative forms

Noun

es

  1. God
  2. sky

es - Aromanian

Alternative forms

Verb

es (third-person singular present indicative easi or ease, past participle ishitã)

  1. I leave, exit, go out.
  2. (of the sun, moon) rise
  3. (figuratively) I defecate.
  • ishiri / ishire
  • ishit
  • ishitã
  • ishitor

es - Assan

Alternative forms

Noun

es

  1. God

Synonyms

es - Bavarian

Pronoun

es

  1. it (nominative)

Usage notes

The usage of es is mainly impersonal. When referring to a noun, the form des is preferred.


Pronoun

es

  1. Alternative spelling of (you, plural)

es - Catalan

Pronunciation

  • (Balearic, Central) IPA: /əs/
  • (Valencian) IPA: /es/

Pronoun

es (proclitic, contracted s', enclitic se, contracted enclitic 's)

  1. himself, herself, itself (direct or indirect object)
  2. oneself (direct or indirect object)
  3. themselves (direct or indirect object)
  4. each other (direct or indirect object)

Usage notes

es is the reinforced (reforçada) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs beginning with a consonant.

Declension

strong/subject weak (direct object) weak (indirect object) possessive
singular proclitic enclitic proclitic enclitic
1st person jo, mi3 em, m’ -me, ’m em, m’ -me, ’m meu
1st person majestic1 nós ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person tu et, t’ -te, ’t et, t’ -te, ’t teu
2nd person formal1 vós us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person very formal2 vostè el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person masculine ell el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person feminine ella la, l’4 -la li -li seu
3rd person neuter ho -ho li -li seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
plural
1st person nosaltres ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person vosaltres us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person formal2 vostès els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person masculine ells els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person feminine elles les -les els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
adverbial
ablative/genitive en, n’ -ne, ’n
locative hi -hi
1) Behaves grammatically as plural. 2) Behaves grammatically as third person. 3) Only as object of a preposition. 4) Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

Alternative forms

Article

es m sg (feminine sa, masculine plural es, masculine plural sos, feminine plural ses)

  1. (Balearics) the

Usage notes

  • In Balearic Catalan, es contrasts with el as an obviative article, but is often used in first instance.

Noun

es

  1. plural of e

es - Cimbrian

Alternative forms

Pronoun

es

  1. (Sette Comuni) it

Inflection

nominative accusative dative
1st person singular ichmichmiar
2nd person singular familiar dudichdiar
polite iartachòich
3rd person singular m èar, arin, eniime
f zi, ze iar
n es, ises, 'siime
1st person plural bar, bandarezichizàndarn
2nd person plural iart, iartàndare, artàndareòich, achogàndarn
3rd person plural ze, zòi, zandarezichinnàndarn

es - Czech

Pronunciation

  • IPA: [ˈɛs]

Noun

es n (indeclinable)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter S.

Pronunciation

  • IPA: [ˈɛs]

Noun

es n

  1. inflection of eso:
    1. genitive singular
    2. nominative/accusative/vocative plural

es - Danish

Noun

es n (singular definite esset, plural indefinite esser)

  1. (card games) ace
    • Jeg har alle esserne.
      • I have all the aces.

Declension

neuter gender Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative es esset esser esserne
genitive ess essets essers essernes

es - Dutch

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /ɛs/
  • Hyphenation: es
  • Homophone: Esch

Noun

es m (plural essen, diminutive esje n)

  1. ash, ash tree, Fraxinus excelsior
  2. ash, any tree of the genus Fraxinus

Alternative forms

Derived terms


Pronunciation

  • IPA: /ɛs/
  • Hyphenation: es

Noun

es m (plural essen, diminutive esje n)

  1. (music) E-flat

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /əs/
  • Hyphenation: es

Adverb

es

  1. (informal, dialectal) Alternative form of eens (once)
    • Kom es hierCome over here (for a second).

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /ɛs/
  • Hyphenation: es

Noun

es m (plural essen, diminutive esje n)

  1. A tract of open, often raised agricultural land near or surrounding a village or hamlet.

Alternative forms

es - Finnish

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /ˈes/, [ˈe̞s̠]
  • Syllabification: es

Noun

es

  1. (music) E-flat

Usage notes

Capitalized for the great octave or any octave below that, or in names of major keys; not capitalized for the small octave or any octave above that, or in names of minor keys.

Declension

Inflection of es (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative es esit
genitive esin esien
partitive esiä esejä
illative esiin eseihin
Possessive forms of es (type risti)

Anagrams

es - French

Pronunciation

Verb

es

  1. second-person singular present indicative of être

Anagrams

es - Fuyug

Noun

es (plural esing)

  1. child

es - Galician

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /ɛs/

Verb

es

  1. second-person singular present indicative of ser

es - German

Alternative forms

  • 's (chiefly informal or poetic)
  • -'s

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /ɛs/

Pronoun

es n

  1. Nominative and accusative neuter third-person singular personal pronoun
    • Wo ist das Buch? Es liegt auf dem Tisch.Where's the book? It’s on the table.
    • Wo ist das Kind? Ich habe es.Where is the child? I have it.
    • Welche Farbe hat das Pferd? Es ist weiß.What color is the horse? It is white.
    • Ich bemerkte ein merkwürdiges bärtiges Individuum und beschloss, es im Auge zu behalten.I remarked a strange bearded individual and decided to keep an eye on him.
    • Das Mädchen wusste nicht, dass es beobachtet wurde.The girl didn’t know that she was being observed.
    • Jedes Vorstandsmitglied kann das Wort ergreifen, wenn es dies wünscht.Any board member may take the floor if they so wish.
  2. Impersonal pronoun used to refer to statements, activities, the environment etc., or as a placeholder/dummy pronounit
    • Das kann es nicht geben.This is nothing that could possibly exist.
    • Sie begann zu laufen, und ich tat es auch.She started to run, and so did I. (literally, “She began to run, and I did it also.”)
    • Es war einmal eine schöne Prinzessin.There was once a beautiful princess.
    • Es ist gut zu leben!It's good to be alive!
    • Es regnet.It’s raining.
    • Es ist sicher, dass morgen die Sonne scheinen wird.It's certain that the sun will shine tomorrow.
    • Wie geht es dir?How are you doing?
    • Ich bin es, Michael.It's me, Michael.
    • Es spielt das Fernsehorchester.The television orchestra is playing.
    • Sie wird es noch weit bringen.She is going to go far.

Usage notes

  • As a pronoun referring to people who are grammatically neutral, it is sometimes considered old-fashioned or dated to insist on using the neutral es instead of er/sie, especially for Mädchen, in spoken language, and when there is a large distance between when the person is introduced and when the corresponding pronoun is used.
  • In a small and closed set of phrases, es continues a Middle High German ës which was the genitive of ëz: Ich bin es müde ‘I am tired of it’.
  • In the colloquial speech of some areas, this pronoun is fully replaced with the demonstrative pronoun das, with which it shares the unstressed reduction /s/. This reflects a similar development for sie/die, but predates it.

Declension

singular plural singular and plural
1st person 2nd person familiar1 3rd person 1st person 2nd person familiar1 3rd person 2nd person polite/formal
m f n
nominative ich du -e2 er sie -se2 es wir mir3 ihr sie -se2 Sie Ihr4
genitive meiner mein4 deiner dein4 seiner sein4 ihrer seiner sein4 unser euer ihrer Ihrer Euer4
dative mir dir ihm ihr ihm uns euch ihnen Ihnen Euch4
accusative mich dich ihn sie -se2 es sie -se2 Sie Euch4

1These forms are sometimes capitalized, especially in letters.    2enclitic, colloquial    3dialectal    4archaic

Derived terms


Article

es n

  1. (regional, colloquial) Alternative form of das
    • Soll ich es Fenster zumachen?
      • Should I close the window?

Usage notes

  • The contracted form 's is more common, but es is also frequently heard.

es - Guinea-Bissau Creole

Pronoun

es

  1. this

es - Hunsrik

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /əs, es/

Pronoun

es

  1. it

Inflection

nominative accusative dative
Proclitic Enclitic str. unstr. str. unstr.
1st person singular ich

eich

-ich mich

meich

meer mer

m'r

2nd person singular (informal) du

dau/Dau

-du, -de

-Dau, -De

dich

deich/Deich

deer der

d'r/D'r

3rd person singular (m.) er; där -er ihn en ihm em
3rd person singular (f.) sie; die -se sie / ihns se eer

ehr

re
3rd person singular (n.) es; das

et, 't

's es

et

-et, -'t

ihm em
1st person plural meer mer uns

uhs

2nd person plural deer

Ehr, Dehr

der eich

Auch

3rd person plural sie; die -se sie se denne

es - Icelandic

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /ɛːs/

Noun

es n (genitive singular ess, nominative plural es)

  1. (music) E flat

Declension

n-s singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative es esið es esin
accusative es esið es esin
dative esi esinu esum esunum
genitive ess essins esa esanna

es - Ido

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /ˈɛs/

Verb

es

  1. Apocopic form of esas
    • Me es hike pro ke lu volis lo.I am here because he wanted me here.

es - Indonesian

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /ɛs/
  • Hyphenation: ès

Noun

ès (plural es-es, first-person possessive esku, second-person possessive esmu, third-person possessive esnya)

  1. ice

Alternative forms

  • ais (Malaysia, Singapore)

Derived terms

  • es bantut
  • es batu
  • es bening
  • es brenibon
  • es buah campolai
  • es buah hunkue
  • es buah tap
  • es campur
  • es caruk
  • es cendol
  • es cendol kopi
  • es doger
  • es goyang
  • es goyobod
  • es hanyut
  • es kering
  • es kolang-kaling
  • es krim
  • es krim Neapolitan
  • es laksmana mengamuk
  • es lekat
  • es lilin
  • es loder
  • es mambo
  • es oyen
  • es pisang ijo
  • es podeng
  • es potong
  • es puter
  • es rumput laut
  • es saguer
  • es sekoteng
  • es selasih
  • es selendang mayang
  • es serpihan
  • es serut
  • es tebak
  • es teh tarik
  • es teler

es - Interlingua

Verb

es

  1. present indicative of esser: is, are, am

es - Kabuverdianu

Pronoun

es

  1. they

Pronoun

es

  1. this

es - Latgalian

Alternative forms

  • (archaic) as

Pronunciation

  • IPA: [ˈæs]
  • Hyphenation: es

Pronoun

es

  1. I

Declension

singular plural
nominative es mes
genitive mane, mani myusu
dative maņ mums
accusative mani myus
locative manī myusūs

es - Latin

Pronunciation

  • (Classical) IPA: /es/, [ɛs̠]
  • (Ecclesiastical) IPA: /es/, [ɛs]

Noun

es f (indeclinable)

  1. The name of the letter S.

Usage notes

  • Multiple Latin names for the letter S, s have been suggested. The most common is es or a syllabic s, although there is some evidence which also supports, as names for the letter, , sss, əs, , and even (in the fourth- or fifth-century first Antinoë papyrus, which gives Greek transliterations of the Latin names of the Roman alphabet’s letters) ισσε (isse).

Coordinate terms


Pronunciation

  • (Classical) IPA: /es/, [ɛs̠]
  • (Ecclesiastical) IPA: /es/, [ɛs]

Verb

es

  1. second-person singular present active indicative of sum ("you are") (singular)
  2. second-person singular present active imperative of sum ("be!")

Pronunciation

  • (Classical) IPA: /eːs/, [eːs̠]
  • (Ecclesiastical) IPA: /es/, [ɛs]

Verb

ēs

  1. second-person singular present active indicative/imperative of edō

Synonyms

es - Latvian

Pronunciation

  • IPA: [ɛs]

Pronoun

es (personal, 1st person singular)

  1. I; first person pronoun, referring to the speaker
    • Es te dzīvoju.I live here.
    • Viņš mani sastapa ceļā.He met me on the road.
    • Atnāc pie manis!Come to me (to my place)!
    • Nāc ar mani dejot!Come dance with me!
    • Man nav laika.I don't have time. (lit. There is no time to me.)

Usage notes

The dative form manim is used only optionally, with prepositions.

Declension

nominative (nominatīvs) es
accusative (akuzatīvs) mani
genitive (ģenitīvs) manis
dative (datīvs) man (manim)
instrumental (instrumentālis) mani
locative (lokatīvs) manī
  • manējs

Noun

es m (invariable)

  1. I, ego (the essence of a person)
    • mans esmy I, my ego
    • Runātājs izcēla savu es.The speaker highlighted his I, his ego.
    • Briesmīgi nezināt nekā un just tikai sevi, savu es.It is terrible to know and feel nothing except oneself, one's I.
    • Cilvēks var pierādīt savu vērtību, apliecināt savu “es” tikai darbā.A person can prove their worth, testify their “I”, only in (their) work.

Noun

es m (invariable)

  1. The Latvian name of the Latin script letter S/s.

es - Middle Dutch

Pronoun

es

  1. genitive of hi
  2. genitive of het

Verb

es

  1. Alternative form of is; third-person singular present indicative of wēsen

es - Middle English

Determiner

es

  1. Alternative form of his (his)

Pronoun

es

  1. Alternative form of his (his)

Pronoun

es

  1. Alternative form of his (her)

Verb

es

  1. Alternative form of is (is)

es - Middle French

Verb

es

  1. second-person singular present indicative of estre

Contraction

es

  1. Contraction of en + les (in the (plural)).

es - Middle Irish

Noun

es f

  1. stoat, weasel

Descendants

Mutation

Middle Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
esunchangedn-es
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

es - Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

es

  1. present tense of asa (to swell, ferment)

es - Occitan

Verb

es

  1. third-person singular present indicative of èsser

es - Ojibwe

Noun

es (plural esag)

  1. shell (2)
  2. oyster

es - Old French

Preposition

es

  1. in the

Descendants

  • French: ès (archaic except in fixed expressions)

es - Old Irish

Alternative forms

  • ess (theoretically available for all senses; attested in only some)

Noun

es (gender unknown)

  1. the letter s

Noun

es (gender unknown)

  1. death

Noun

es (gender unknown)

  1. food

Noun

es (gender unknown)

  1. ox

Pronoun

es

  1. Alternative spelling of as: third-person singular masculine of a

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
es unchanged n-es
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

es - Old Norse

Verb

es

  1. Archaic form of er., third-person singular indicative present of vera

Pronoun

es

  1. Archaic form of er. (which, that)

Conjunction

es

  1. Archaic form of er. (when, where)

es - Pennsylvania German

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /ɛs/

Article

es n (definite, nominative)

  1. the

Declension

Masculine Feminine Neuter Plural
Nominative der die es die
Accusative der die es die
Dative dem der em de

Pronoun

es n

  1. it

Declension

Nominative Accusative Dative
1st - Singular ich mich mir mer (unstressed)
2nd - Singular du de (unstressed) dich dir der (unstressed)
3rd - Singular Masculine er ihn en (unstressed) ihm em (unstressed)
3rd - Singular Feminine sie se (unstressed) sie se (unstressed) ihre re (unstressed)
3rd - Singular Neuter es es ihm em (unstressed)
1st - Plural mir mer (unstressed) uns uns
2nd - Plural dihr der (unstressed) eich eich
3rd - Plural sie sie ihne ne (unstressed)
2nd - Polite Sie Sie Ihne Ne (unstressed)

es - Romagnol

Verb

es

  1. to be
  2. (auxiliary, used to form composite past tense of many intransitive verbs) to have (done something).

es - Sawi

Interjection

es

  1. at once
    • Uvur haramavimaken, du famud, es! — The tide is about to turn; cook the sago at once!
  2. enough

es - Scots

Noun

es (plural eses)

  1. Alternative spelling of aes ()

es - Spanish

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /ˈes/ [ˈes]
  • Syllabification: es

Verb

es

  1. third-person singular present indicative of ser

Noun

es f pl

  1. plural of e

es - Sudovian

Pronoun

eſ m

  1. (third-person singular) he

es - Tocharian A

Noun

es

  1. shoulder
  2. bough, limb (of a tree)
  3. branch of a particular matter

es - Welsh

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /eːs/

Verb

es

  1. first-person singular preterite colloquial of mynd

Synonyms

es - Yola

Pronoun

es

  1. Alternative form of ouse
Meaning and Definition of es
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