ei

Derived terms

Descendants

• Afrikaans: eier
• Berbice Creole Dutch: airi
• Jersey Dutch: āi
• Negerhollands: ee, eiu, eyu, eju

Antonyms

• jaa
• jah
• küll

Usage notes

The verb follows the word ei.

In the present tense indicative, the form of the verb coincides with the imperative of the second person singular. In past tenses indicative, the form of the verb is personal past participle. In the conditional mood, the form of the verb coincides with third person singular conditional in the present tense or the past tense. In the indirect mood, the form of the verb is the indirect form.

Derived terms

• eitama

Synonyms

• ikki

Derived terms

• ei og ikki - as well as, both ... and
• grát ei - do not weep (song title by Eivør Pálsdóttir, 2007)

Usage notes

• The negation verb is used with the connegative form of the main verb.
• In the active voice, the verb ei is inflected in person and mood (only for imperative, otherwise the indicative forms are used).
  • In the indicative mood and present tense (including for olla in the perfect tense), the connegative form is identical to the second-person singular imperative.
  • In the indicative mood and past tense (including for olla in the pluperfect tense and the main verb in the perfect and pluperfect tenses), the connegative form is the past active participle (-nut / -nyt).
  • In the conditional and potential moods, the connegative ends with the mood markers -isi- and -ne- (without the personal ending), respectively.
  • In the imperative mood, the connegative form is the same as the positive form for the second-person singular, while for the other forms a form ending in -ko / -kö is used.
• In the passive voice, the third-person singular ei (or älköön for the imperative mood) is used.
  • In the present tense, the connegative form is the impersonal or passive form without the final -an / -än (indicative), -in (conditional), -en (potential) and -on / -ön (imperative).
  • In the past tense (including the perfect and pluperfect tenses), the connegative form is the past passive participle (-ttu / -tty).
• The total object in the negative is always in the partitive case, not the accusative case (whether that be the nominative, genitive or a special form):
  • Näen koiran. → En näe koiraa. ― I see a dog. → I don't see a dog. (accusative → partitive)
  • Näen naiset. → En näe naisia. ― I see the women. → I don't see the women. (accusative → partitive)
  • Näen sinut. → En näe sinua. ― I (can) see you. → I don't see you. (accusative → partitive)

Conjugation

• The negation verb has no infinitive form.
• Indicative, conditional and potential moods use the indicative forms (stem e-), for which the verb is conjugated only in person (the moods are distinguished by the connegative form used).
• In the imperative mood the negation verb has the stem äl-. As with all verbs, the first-person plural imperative is formal or dated, while the third-person imperative (both singular and plural) is dated.
• An archaic optative mood exists and is used mainly in poetry.

• • person	indicative mood	imperative mood	optative mood
    1st sing.	en	—	—
    2nd sing.	et	älä	(ällös)
    3rd sing.	ei	älköön	(älköön)
    1st plur.	emme	älkäämme	(älköömme)
    2nd plur.	ette	älkää	(älköötte)
    3rd plur.	eivät	älkööt	(älkööt)

Derived terms

•  ? ehtyä
• ei lainkaan
• ei ollenkaan
• eih
• eikä
• eittää
  • eittämättä

Contractions:

• ehkei
• ellei
• jollei
• jottei
• miksei
• muttei
• vaikkei

Related terms

• epä-
  • evätä

Usage notes

Usually inflected for person; see above.

Antonyms

• (echo answer; using the verb in the positive)
• kyllä
• (colloquial) joo, juu

Synonyms

• (not): eigi, ekki

Derived terms

• eður ei
• gleym-mér-ei

Antonyms

• niin, ja

Conjugation

Interjection

ei

1. Alternative form of hei (“expression of grief or fear”)

Pronoun

eī

1. inflection of is:
   1. dative masculine/feminine/neuter singular
   2. nominative masculine plural

Conjugation

Usage notes

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Usage notes

Many forms of this verb are irregular. Some are based on a root ei ~ e', some on a ~ aa, some on a'ja, and some on ööne ~ wene:

• ei ~ e' is used with most tense/aspect/mood markers and all adverbial and nominal derivatives of the verb.
• a ~ aa is used for the nonpast form, question forms, and two third-person forms na'ñojo and naichü.
• a'ja is used for past imperfectives.
• ööne ~ wene is used for the permanent aspect; this is the only verb in the language that has such an aspect.

The verb also takes an irregular suffix -ya in place of the ordinary recent/distant past perfective suffix -i. Similarly, the plural form of the same suffix is -yato rather than -icho.

This verb can be used as an auxiliary to form various constructions, making it possible to express tense/aspect/mood for constructions made with non-finite verb forms by putting the relevant markers on the copula instead.

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Dutch: ei
  • Afrikaans: eier
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: airi
  • Jersey Dutch: āi
  • Negerhollands: ee, eiu, eyu, eju
• Limburgish: ei

Declension

Derived terms

Synonyms

• (not): ikke

Descendants

• Portuguese: ei, eis

Descendants

• Middle High German: ei
  • Alemannic German:
    • Swabian: Oi
  • Bavarian: Oa
    • Mòcheno: oi
  • Central Franconian: Ei, Ää, Aai
    • Luxembourgish: Ee
  • German: Ei
  • Vilamovian: e
  • Yiddish: איי‎ (ey)

Descendants

• Middle Low German: ei, egg, eig
  • Low German:
    • German Low German: Ei
      • Westphalian:
        • Lippisch: Egg
        • Märkisch: Ägg
        • Ravensbergisch: Åich
        • Sauerländisch: Ai
        • Westmünsterländisch: Äi
    • Plautdietsch: Ei

Declension

Synonyms

• dumnealor (polite form)

Declension

Synonyms

• său

Synonyms

• îi (unstressed form)

Inflection

Usage notes

• In formal Welsh, masculine ef or feminine hi is added after the noun or verbnoun which ei precedes to indicates emphasis on the determiner or pronoun. In colloquial Welsh, the masculine takes e or o (southern and northern forms respectively) after a consonant and fe or fo (southern and northern) after a vowel, whereas the feminine takes hi, but is not necessarily an indicator of emphasis. Here, it is often included with the determiner and always included with the pronoun. The exception to the latter case is in passive constructions employing cael, where no addition is found.
• In formal Welsh, the contraction 'i is a valid form of ei found after mostly functional vowel-final words. In colloquial Welsh, ei is often contracted to 'i after almost any vowel-final word. The exception is both forms of the language is after the preposition i (“to, for”), after which ei contracts to 'w. (Contraction to 'w after wedi is sometimes encountered but considered non-standard.)
• Pronomial ei and 'i can occur before any verbal noun. Before a verb, pronomial 'i is found only in formal language after certain vowel-final preverbal particles. See entry for 'i for more information.

Synonyms

• key