do

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA: /duː/, enPR: do͞o
• (US, Canada) IPA: /du/, enPR: do͞o
• (General Australian) IPA: /dʉː/
• (unstressed, before a consonant) IPA: /də/
• (unstressed, before a vowel) IPA: /dʊ/
• (colloquial; for some speakers, when "do" is unstressed and the next word starts with /j/) IPA: /d͡ʒ/
• Homophones: doo, doux
• Homophones: dew, due (in accents with yod-dropping)

Verb

do (third-person singular simple present does, present participle doing, simple past did, past participle done)

1. (auxiliary) A syntactic marker.
   1. (auxiliary) A syntactic marker in a question whose main verb is not another auxiliary verb or be.
      • Do you go there often?
   2. (auxiliary) A syntactic marker in negations with the indicative and imperative moods.
      • I do not go there often.
      • Do not listen to him.
   3. (auxiliary) A syntactic marker for emphasis with the indicative, imperative, and subjunctive moods.
      • But I do go sometimes.
      • Do tell us.
   4. (pro-verb) A syntactic marker that refers back to an earlier verb and allows the speaker to avoid repeating the verb; in most dialects, not used with auxiliaries such as be, though it can be in AAVE.
      • I play tennis; she does too.
      • (nonstandard)
        They don't think it be like it is, but it do.
2. (transitive) To perform; to execute.
   • Synonyms: accomplish, carry out, functionate
   • All you ever do is surf the Internet. What will you do this afternoon?
3. (obsolete, transitive) To cause, make (someone) (do something).
4. (intransitive, transitive) To suffice.
   • it’s not the best broom, but it will have to do;  this will do me, thanks.
5. (intransitive) To be reasonable or acceptable.
   • It simply will not do to have dozens of children running around such a quiet event.
6. (ditransitive) To have (as an effect).
   • The fresh air did him some good.
7. (intransitive) To fare, perform (well or poorly).
   • Our relationship isn't doing very well;  how do you do?
   1. (especially England, intransitive) To fare well; to thrive; to prosper; (of livestock) to fatten.
8. (transitive, chiefly in questions) To have as one's job.
   • What does Bob do? — He's a plumber.
9. To perform the tasks or actions associated with (something).
   • "Don't forget to do your report" means something quite different depending on whether you're a student or a programmer.
10. To cook.
    • Synonyms: see cook
    • I'll just do some eggs.
11. (transitive) To travel in, to tour, to make a circuit of.
    • Let’s do New York also.
12. (transitive) To treat in a certain way.
13. (transitive) To work for or on, by way of caring for, looking after, preparing, cleaning, keeping in order, etc.
14. (intransitive, obsolete) To act or behave in a certain manner; to conduct oneself.
15. (transitive) To spend (time) in jail. (See also do time)
    • Synonym: serve
    • I did five years for armed robbery.
16. (transitive) To impersonate or depict.
    • Synonyms: imitate, personate, take off
    • They really laughed when he did Clinton, with a perfect accent and a leer.
17. (with 'a' and the name of a person, place, event, etc.) To copy or emulate the actions or behaviour that is associated with the person or thing mentioned.
    • He did a Henry VIII and got married six times.
    • He was planning to do a 9/11.
18. (transitive, slang) To kill.
    • Synonyms: do in, murder, off, rub out, see also kill
19. (transitive, slang) To deal with for good and all; to finish up; to undo; to ruin; to do for.
20. (informal) To punish for a misdemeanor.
    • He got done for speeding.
    • Teacher'll do you for that!
21. (transitive, slang) To have sex with. (See also do it)
    • Synonyms: go to bed with, sleep with, see also copulate with
22. (transitive) To cheat or swindle.
    • Synonyms: defraud, diddle, mug off, rip off, scam, see also deceive
    • That guy just did me out of two hundred bucks!
23. (transitive) To convert into a certain form; especially, to translate.
    • the novel has just been done into English;  I'm going to do this play into a movie
24. (transitive, intransitive) To finish.
25. (archaic, dialectal, transitive, auxiliary) Used to form the present progressive of verbs.
26. (stock exchange) To cash or to advance money for, as a bill or note.
27. (informal, transitive, ditransitive) To make or provide.
    • Synonyms: furnish, give, supply, see also give
    • Do they do haircuts there?
    • Could you do me a burger with mayonnaise instead of ketchup?
28. (informal, transitive) To injure (one's own body part).
29. (transitive) To take drugs.
    • I do cocaine.
30. (transitive, in the form be doing [somewhere]) To exist with a purpose or for a reason.
    • What's that car doing in our swimming pool?

Noun

do (plural dos or do's or (uncommon) doos)

1. (UK, informal) A party, celebration, social function; usually of moderate size and formality.
   • Synonyms: get-together, see also party
   • We’re having a bit of a do on Saturday to celebrate my birthday.
2. (informal) Clipping of hairdo.
   • Alternative form: 'do
   • Nice do!
   • I don't like to spend time on my hairstyle, so I usually just wear a do-rag.
3. (chiefly fossilized) Something that can or should be done.
   • Don't forget the dos and don'ts.
   • Antonym: don't
4. (chiefly obsolete, fossilized in the UK) Something that has been done.
   • "How come you quit?" "I'm moving to London." "Fair dos."
5. (archaic) Ado; bustle; stir; to-do; A period of confusion or argument.
   • Synonym: to-do
6. (obsolete, UK, slang) A cheat; a swindler.
7. (obsolete, UK, slang) An act of swindling; a fraud or deception.
8. (UK, slang) A homicide.

Alternative forms

• doh, Do

Pronunciation

• (UK) enPR: dō, IPA: /dəʊ/
• (US) enPR: dō, IPA: /doʊ/
• Homophones: doe, dough, d'oh

Noun

do (plural dos)

1. (music) A syllable used in solfège to represent the first and eighth tonic of a major scale.
   • Synonym: (archaic) ut

Alternative forms

• do.

Adverb

do (not comparable)

1. (archaic) Abbreviation of ditto.

Numeral

do

1. The cardinal number occurring after el and before do one in a duodecimal system. Written 10, decimal value 12.

Anagrams

• O&D, O.D., O/D, OD, od

Alternative forms

• don (Gheg)

Verb

do

1. second/third-person singular present indicative of dua

Pronunciation

• IPA: /do/

Numeral

do (Bengali script দো)

1. two

Pronunciation

• IPA: [dòꜜò]

Noun

do

1. group

Noun

do

1. water

Numeral

do

1. one

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA: /ˈdo/

Noun

do m (plural dons)

1. gift
2. talent

Noun

do m (plural dos)

1. (music) do (first note of diatonic scale)

Verb

do

1. (obsolete) third-person singular present subjunctive form of dar

Pronunciation

• IPA: /dɔː/

Adverb

do

1. here; there; in this or that place

Alternative forms

• du, dunn (southern Moselle Francoinan)

Pronunciation

• IPA: /doː/ (traditional)
• IPA: /dɔː/ (now sometimes by conflation with etymology 1 under standard German influence)

Adverb

do

1. (Ripuarian, northern Moselle Franconian) then; back then (at a certain time in the past)

Alternative forms

• du (many dialects)
• dou (some dialects of Moselle Franconian)
• de (unstressed form)

Pronunciation

• IPA: /doː/

Pronoun

do

1. (few dialects, including Kölsch) thou; you (singular)

Pronunciation

• IPA: [ˈdo]

Preposition

do [+genitive]

1. into, in (to the inside of)
   • Vešel do místnosti. ― He walked into the room.
   • Dostala se jí voda do bot. ― Water got in her boots.
2. to, in (in the direction of, and arriving at; indicating destination)
   • Jdeme do obchodu. ― We are walking to the shop.
   • Přiletěli jsme do New Yorku. ― We arrived in New York.
3. until (up to the time of)
   • Zůstal tam až do neděle. ― He stayed there until Sunday.
4. by (at some time before the given time)
   • Ať jsi zpátky do desíti! ― Be back by ten o'clock!
5. to, in (physical blows "to" a body part)
   • Do hlavy ne! ― Don’t hit me in the head!
   • Oběť byla pobodána do břicha ― Victim has stab wounds to the stomach.
6. to, up to (extreme limit, all the way up to)
   • Budeme si to pamatovat do posledního dechu ― We will remember it till our last breath.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /doː/
• Hyphenation: do

Noun

do m or f (plural do's)

1. do, the musical note
2. (Belgium) C, the musical note

Pronunciation

• IPA: [do]
• Hyphenation: do

Noun

do (accusative singular do-on, plural do-oj, accusative plural do-ojn)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter D/d.

Adverb

do

1. therefore, then, so (with conclusion), indeed, however

Alternative forms

• du (Lagarteiru, Valverdeñu)

Contraction

do m sg (plural dos, feminine da, feminine plural das)

1. (Mañegu) of the

Pronunciation

• IPA: /toː/

Noun

do n (genitive singular dos, plural do)

1. (music) do

Pronunciation

• IPA: /do/

Noun

do m (plural do)

1. (music) do, the note 'C'
   • Synonym: ut

Pronunciation

• IPA: /d̪ʊ/

Contraction

do m (feminine da, masculine plural dos, feminine plural das)

1. of the; from the; 's
   • cabalo do demo ― demon's horse ("dragonfly")

Alternative forms

• do·o (A·chik)

Noun

do (Mandi)

1. bird

Pronunciation

• IPA: /do/

Noun

do

1. (anatomy) back

Pronunciation

• IPA: /toː/

Adverb

do

1. here
   • Synonyms: hie, hier
   • Die Fraa is nimmi do. ― The woman isn't here anymore.
2. then; so
   • Synonym: dann
   • Do sim-mer fortgesprung. ― Then we fled.

Adverb

do

1. so, therefore

Alternative forms

• d’ (used before vowels and lenited fh-)

Pronunciation

• IPA: /d̪ˠɔ/, /d̪ˠə/

Particle

do (triggers lenition)

1. (Munster, literary) prefixed before the preterite, imperfect and conditional forms of a verb
   • do mhol sé ― he praised

Pronunciation

• IPA: /d̪ˠɔ/, /d̪ˠə/

Particle

do (triggers lenition)

1. (Munster, literary) relative marker (in direct relative clauses)
   • an cailín do mholann sé ― the girl that he praises

Alternative forms

• d’ (used before vowel sounds)

Pronunciation

• IPA: /d̪ˠɔ/, /d̪ˠə/
• (Connacht) IPA: /ɡə/ (as if spelled go; do and go (“to, up to, until”) have largely become conflated in this dialect)
• (Ulster, colloquial) IPA: /ə/, (before a vowel) /ə j-/

Preposition

do (plus dative, triggers lenition)

1. to, for
   • do chara ― to a friend, for a friend
2. used with the possessive determiners mo, do, bhur to indicate the direct object of a verbal noun, in place of ag after a form of bí in the progressive aspect
   • Tá sé do mo ghortú. ― It’s hurting me.
   • Bhí sé do d’fhiafraí. ― He was inquiring about you sg.
   • Bhí sibh do bhur gcloí. ― You pl were being overthrown.

Alternative forms

• d’ (used before vowel sounds)
• t’ (Munster, used before vowel sounds)

Pronunciation

• IPA: /d̪ˠə/

Determiner

do (triggers lenition)

1. your (singular)
   • Cá bhfuil do charr? ― Where is your car?

Alternative forms

• dò (rare)

Pronunciation

• IPA: /ˈdɔ/^*
• Hyphenation: dò

Verb

do

1. first-person singular present indicative of dare

Pronunciation

• IPA: /ˈdɔ/^°, (traditional) /ˈdɔ/^*
• Hyphenation: dò

Noun

do m

1. do (musical note)
2. C (musical note or key)

Pronunciation

• IPA: /ˈdɔ/^°, /ˈdɔ/^*, /ˈdɔh/, /ˈdɔʔ/
• Hyphenation: dò

Noun

do

1. (archaic) Alternative form of doh

Anagrams

• od

Romanization

do

1. Rōmaji transcription of ど
2. Rōmaji transcription of ド

Preposition

do

1. behind
   • Antonym: dant
2. before (time)

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA: /doː/, [d̪oː]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA: /do/, [d̪ɔː]

Verb

dō (present infinitive dare, perfect active dedī, supine datum); first conjugation, irregular

1. I give
   • Synonym: dōnō
   • Tertium non datur.^{law of excluded middle}

     • A third [possibility] is not given: $P\vee \neg P$.
2. I impart, offer, render, present with
   • Synonyms: reddō, afferō
3. I afford, grant
   • Synonym: dōnō
4. I bestow, confer (on or upon)
   • Synonym: dōnō
5. I concede, surrender, yield, deliver, give up
   • Synonyms: dēdō, addīcō, concēdō, dēcēdō, committō, remittō, trādō, tribuō, dēferō, reddō, cēdō, permittō
6. I put
7. I adduce (e.g., a witness)

Conjunction

do

1. Latin spelling of დო (do)

Alternative forms

• dro (obsolete)

Pronunciation

• IPA: /du/

Contraction

do

1. of the (masculine singular)

Alternative forms

• da (Eupen)
• dao (widespread variant)
• dooe (Krefeld)

Pronunciation

• IPA: /dɔː/
• Hyphenation: do

Adverb

do

1. (Eupen, local) there, yonder
2. (Eupen, temporal) at that time (in the past); at the time, then
3. (Eupen) then, after that

Pronunciation

• IPA: /doː/
• Hyphenation: do

Pronoun

do

1. (Eupen) Reduced form of dou (“you”)

Pronunciation

• IPA: /dɔ/

Preposition

do (with genitive)

1. to, into
   • do Chóśebuza ― to Cottbus
   • do jsy ― to the village, into the village
   • do wognja ― into the fire
   • do njebja ― to heaven

Adverb

do

1. there, in that place

Verb

do

1. second-person singular imperative of doen

Noun

do (mutated form ndro)

1. blood

Noun

do m or n (definite singular doen or doet, indefinite plural doer or do, definite plural doene or doa)

1. a toilet, a loo
   • Synonyms: dass, toalett

Noun

do m

1. do (the musical note)

Pronunciation

• IPA: /duː/

Noun

do m or n (definite singular doen or doet, indefinite plural doar or do, definite plural doane or doa)

1. a toilet, a loo
   • Synonyms: dass, toalett

Adverb

do

1. anyhow, still, nevertheless

Pronunciation

• IPA: /doː/
• Homophone: då

Noun

do m (definite singular do-en, indefinite plural do-ar, definite plural do-ane)

1. (music) do, a syllable used in solfège to represent the second note of a major scale.

Verb

do

1. (non-standard since 1917) past singular of døy

Anagrams

• od

Contraction

do m sg (plural dos, feminine da, feminine plural das)

1. Contraction of de o (“of the, from the, -'s (masculine singular)”).

Pronunciation

• IPA: [do]

Preposition

do (with dative; triggers lenition of a following consonant-initial noun.)

1. to, for
2. indicates the subject of a verbal noun

Pronoun

do

1. Alternative spelling of dó

Adverb

do

1. Alternative spelling of dó

Determiner

do (triggers lenition)

1. your (singular)

Preposition

do [+genitive]

1. denotes allative movement; to, toward
   • Synonym: ku
2. until
   • Synonym: ku
3. denotes a deadline; by
4. denotes duration; within
5. denotes purpose; for
6. denotes the subject of an address or action;

Pronunciation

• IPA: /do/

Adverb

do

1. where

Conjunction

do

1. where

Verb

do

1. first-person singular present of dar

Adverb

do

1. here
   • Heit iss en Feierdaag do in Amerikaa.

     • Today is a holiday here in America.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /dɔ/
• (Middle Polish) IPA: /ˈdɔ/
• Syllabification: do

Preposition

do [+genitive]

1. Denotes allative movement; to, toward
   • Zwykle jeżdżę do pracy pociągiem. ― I usually go to work by train.
   • Chcę wrócić do domu. ― I want to go home. (literally, “I want to return to home.”)
   • Synonym: (sometimes) na
2. Denotes illative movement; into, in
   • Proszę włożyć mleko do lodówki. ― Please put the milk in the fridge.
3. Denotes purpose; for, to
   • Zapomniałem szczoteczki do zębów. ― I forgot my toothbrush (literally, “I forgot brush for teeth.”)
   • Masz ochotę na coś do picia? ― Do you fancy something to drink?
4. Denotes the subject of an address or action; to
   • Napisałam do ciebie list. ― I wrote you a letter.
   • Szymon w każdą sobotę dzwoni do mamy. ― Simon calls his mother every Saturday.
5. until, till, to
   • Do zeszłego miesiąca mieszkałem całe życie w Łodzi. ― Until last month I had lived in Łódź my entire life.
   • Pracujemy od dziewiątej do piątej. ― We work from nine to five.
6. up to, as many as
   • Grozi mu do sześciu lat więzienia. ― He could get up to six years' imprisonment.
   • Nasz syn ma tylko pięć lat, a już umie liczyć do stu. ― Our son is only five and can already count to 100.
7. Denotes a deadline; by (indicates an intended deadline)
   • Mój szef chce, żebym do jutra skończył raport. ― My boss wants me to finish the report by tomorrow.

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), do is one of the top 10,355 most used words in Polish, appearing 1245 times in scientific texts, 1326 times in news, 1088 times in essays, 1260 times in fiction, and 935 times in plays, totaling 5854 times, making it the 9th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

Alternative forms

• d'o (dated)

Pronunciation

• (Madeira) IPA: /dø/
• Hyphenation: do

Contraction

do m sg (plural dos, feminine da, feminine plural das)

1. Contraction of de o (“of the, from the, -'s (masculine singular)”).

Pronunciation

• IPA: /do/

Noun

do m (plural do)

1. do (musical note)

Pronunciation

• IPA: /doː/
• Hyphenation: do

Article

do (unstressed de)

1. plural of die

Adverb

do

1. then

Pronunciation

• IPA: (stressed) /t̪ɔ/, (unstressed) /t̪ə/
• Hyphenation: do

Determiner

do (triggers lenition)

1. thy, your (singular)
   • Bha iongantach do ghràdh dhomh. ― Wonderful was thy love for me.

Preposition

do (+ dative, triggers lenition)

1. to
   • Bha e a' siubhal do Shasainn an-uiridh. ― He travelled to England last year.
2. for
   • Do dh'ar beatha, dhut, dhèanainn e. ― For our life, for thee, I would do it.

Particle

do (triggers lenition)

1. indicates the past tense of a verb
   • An do sgrìobh thu litir? ― Did you write a letter?
   • Cha do bhrist mi an uinneag. ― I did break the window.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /dô/

Adverb

dȍ (Cyrillic spelling до̏)

1. only, except
   • ni(t)ko do ja ― nobody but me, only me
   • ne jede ništa do komad hljeba/hleba ― he eats nothing except a piece of bread
2. around, approximately
   • do dva metra ― around two meters
   • do 5 kila ― around five kilograms
3. due to, because of
   • to je do hrane ― that's due to the food

Preposition

dȍ (Cyrillic spelling до̏) (+ genitive case)

1. up to, to, until, as far as, by
   • od Zagreba do Beograda ― from Zagreb to Belgrade
   • od jutra do mraka / od 5 do 10 sati ― from morning to night / from 5 to 10 o'clock
   • od vrha do dna ― from top to bottom
   • do r(ij)eke ― as far as the river
   • sad je pet do sedam ― now it's five minutes to seven
   • do poned(j)eljka ― by Monday
   • do sada ― so far, thus far, till now
   • do nedavna ― until recently
   • do dana današnjega ― to this very day
   • sve do ― as far as up to, all the way to
   • do kuda ― how far
   • do tuda ― thus far, up to here
2. before (= prȉje/prȅ)
   • do rata ― before the war
3. beside, next (to)
   • s(j)edi do mene ― sit next to me
   • jedan do drugoga ― side by side
4. (by extension, idiomatic and figurative meanings) up to one; interested in; feel like
   • nije mi do toga ― I don't feel like doing that
   • nije mi do sm(ij)eha ― I don't feel like laughing
   • njemu je samo do seksa ― he is only interested in sex
   • nije mi puno stalo do toga ― I'm not very much interested in that
   • nije do mene ― it's not up to me, it's no me to lame

Alternative forms

• dȏl

Pronunciation

• IPA: /dôː/

Noun

dȏ m (Cyrillic spelling до̑)

1. (regional, Bosnia, Serbia) dale, small valley

Pronunciation

• IPA: /dôː/

Noun

dȏ m (Cyrillic spelling до̑) (indeclinable)

1. (music) do

Pronunciation

• IPA: /ˈdɔ/

Preposition

do (+ genitive)

1. into, in, to, until

Pronunciation

• IPA: /dɔ/

Preposition

do

1. (with genitive) by (some time before the given time)
2. (with genitive) till

Pronunciation

• IPA: /ˈdo/ [ˈd̪o]
• Syllabification: do

Noun

do m (plural dos)

1. do (musical note)
2. C (musical note or key)

Adverb

do

1. (obsolete) where
   • Synonym: (modern) donde

Pronoun

do

1. (obsolete) where
   • Synonym: (modern) donde

Noun

do

1. fire

Noun

do

1. C (musical note)

Verb

do

1. first-person singular present indicative of dar (“I give”)

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA: [zɔ˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA: [jɔ˧˧]
• (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA: [jɔ˧˧]

Preposition

do

1. (neutral passive voice marker) by
   • Hầu hết các mô hình dưỡng lão đều do nhà nước bảo trợ, […]

     • Most of the aged care models are sponsored by the state, […]
2. because of; due to

Conjunction

do

1. though, although, even though

Pronunciation

• IPA: /doː/

Adverb

do

1. yes
2. indeed
   • Do, es i i'r parc ddoe.

     • Yes, I went to the park yesterday.

Alternative forms

• da (colloquial)
• deuaf, dof (literary)

Verb

do

1. first-person singular future colloquial of dod

Mutation

Noun

do

1. Soft mutation of to.

Mutation

Pronunciation

• IPA: /doː/
• (unstressed) IPA: /də/

Pronoun

do

1. (Clay) you, thou; informal second-person singular pronoun
   • Ik hâld fan dy. ― I love you.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /doː/

Noun

do c (plural dowen, diminutive doke)

1. pigeon, dove

Pronunciation

• IPA: /doː/

Noun

do c (plural do's)

1. do (musical note)

Pronunciation

• IPA: /d̪o/

Verb

do

1. (transitive) to find
2. (transitive) to obtain, get hold of
3. (transitive) to receive

Alternative forms

• (abbreviated): D, d

Pronunciation

• IPA: /dò/

Noun

dò

1. The syllable used to represent the low-tone and its diacritic (`)
   • Ẹ bá mi fàmì sí "pàtàkì" pà-tà-kì dò-dò-dò

     • Help me tone mark "pàtàkì" pà-tà-kì low-tone, low-tone, low-tone

Pronunciation

• IPA: /dó/

Verb

dó

1. (vulgar) to fuck

Pronunciation

• IPA: /dó/

Verb

dó

1. (transitive) to settle; to found a settlement
   • Synonym: tẹ̀ dó
   • Àwọn Àwórì ló kọ́kọ́ dó sí Èkó. ― The Awori people settled Lagos first.
2. (transitive) to colonise

Noun

do

1. airan

Noun

do

1. mecate, rope made of maguey or hair fiber