WordCodex

R

See also: Variations of "r"

R - Translingual

Alternative forms

  • Ꝛ (archaic, rare)

Letter

R (lower case r)

  1. The eighteenth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

Symbol

R

  1. Abbreviation of ronna-.
  2. (currency symbol) Rand, national currency of South Africa.
  3. (metrology) roentgen
  4. (physics) resistance (in electricity)
  5. (organic chemistry) An unspecified radical, usually containing a carbon atom that binds to the structure of interest.
  6. (genetics) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for any purine.
  7. (biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for arginine.
  8. (linguistics) A wildcard for a rhotic consonant or a resonant (sonorant)
    • synonyms: S for a sonorant
  9. (linguistics) rising tone
    • synonyms: more commonly LH, or more specifically LM or MH
  10. (finance) Long-term bond credit rating by S&P Global Ratings, indicating that a bond is extremely speculative and possibly in default, with some prospect of debt recovery.
  • Letter styles
  • Uppercase and lowercase versions of R, in normal and italic type
  • Uppercase and lowercase R in Fraktur

R - English

Pronunciation

  • (Ireland) IPA: /ɔːɹ/, /aːɹ/
  • (AAVE) IPA: /ˈɑɹə/
  • Homophones: ah, or, oar, ore, are, our, hour (in various accents)

Letter

R (upper case, lower case r, plural Rs or R's)

  1. The eighteenth letter of the English alphabet, called ar and written in the Latin script.

Number

R (upper case, lower case r)

  1. The ordinal number eighteenth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called ar and written in the Latin script.

Noun

R

  1. (entomology) radius
  2. (US, politics) Republican
  3. (monarchy) rex (“king”) or regina (“queen”); the initial by which a British monarch signs documents after his or her name
  4. (handbells) ring
  5. (chess) rook
  6. (baseball, cricket) runs, the statistic reporting the number of runs scored by a player
  7. (law) the Crown, the government of a monarchy (abbreviating rex (“king”) or regina (“queen”))
    • R v Smith
  8. (especially in university catalogs) Thursday

Adjective

R

  1. (film certification) restricted
  2. reverse
  3. right (as opposed to left)

Proper noun

R

  1. (religion) In the context of the documentary hypothesis, the Redactor(s) who compiled and edited the Torah.

R - Afar

Letter

R

  1. The twelfth letter in the Afar alphabet.

R - Afrikaans

Pronunciation

  • (letter name): IPA: /ɛr/

Letter

R (upper case, lower case r)

  1. The eighteenth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Noun

R (plural R's, diminutive R'etjie)

  1. R

R - Azerbaijani

Letter

R upper case (lower case r)

  1. The twenty-fourth letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

R - Basque

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /ere/, [e̞.re̞]

Letter

R (upper case, lower case r)

  1. The nineteenth letter of the Basque alphabet, called erre and written in the Latin script.

R - Central Franconian

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /ʀ/, /ə̯/

Letter

R

  1. A letter in the German-based alphabet of Central Franconian.
  2. A letter in the Dutch-based alphabet of Central Franconian.

Usage notes

  • In the German-based spelling, r is doubled after short vowels except in certain function words and when the letter is followed by another consonant within the word stem.
  • In the Dutch-based spelling, r is doubled after short vowels if the syllable were otherwise open.

R - Chinese

Pronunciation

  • Cantonese (Jyutping): ngaau1, aau1

Verb

R

  1. (Cantonese) Alternative form of 𢯎.

Pronunciation 1

  • Mandarin
    • (Pinyin): àr, à'er (ar4)
    • (Zhuyin): ㄚˋㄦ, ㄚˋ ˙ㄜㄦ
  • Cantonese (Jyutping): aa1 lou4, aau1, aau1 lou4, aa1
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien, POJ): a
    • (Teochew, Peng'im): a5
  • Wu (Wiktionary): 1a

Letter

R

  1. The eighteenth letter of the Latin alphabet.

Pronunciation 2

  • Mandarin

Letter

R

  1. The eighteenth letter used in Pinyin.

Usage notes

  • 《汉语拼音方案》 defines a standard pronunciation for each letter. However, these pronunciations are rarely used in education; another pronunciation is commonly used instead.
  • The pronunciation above are only used while referring to letters in Pinyin. They are not used in other context (such as English).

R - Dutch

Pronunciation

  • (letter name): IPA: /ɛr/

Letter

R (capital, lowercase r)

  1. The eighteenth letter of the Dutch alphabet.

R - Esperanto

Pronunciation

  • (letter name): IPA: /ro/
  • (phoneme): IPA: /r/

Letter

R (upper case, lower case r)

  1. The twenty-first letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called ro and written in the Latin script.

R - Estonian

Letter

R (upper case, lower case r)

  1. The eighteenth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called err and written in the Latin script.

R - Finnish

Letter

R (upper case, lower case r)

  1. The eighteenth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called är or er and written in the Latin script.

R - German

Pronunciation

  • (letter name) IPA: /ɛr/, [ʔɛʁ], [ʔɛɐ̯]
  • (phoneme) IPA: /r/, [ʁ], [ɾ], [ɐ̯], [ː]

Letter

R (upper case, lower case r)

  1. The eighteenth letter of the German alphabet.

Usage notes

  • The letter R has a variety of possible realisations in contemporary German. Three positions must be distinguished:
    • Before vowels, the variation is mostly between a uvular consonant (fricative, approximant, or rarely trill) and an alveolar consonant (trill, flap, or rarely approximant). In northern, central, and south-western Germany, the alveolar pronunciation is now rare and chiefly restricted to the elderly generation of some areas. In south-eastern Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and South Tyrol, it remains more common; but even in these regions the uvular R is gaining ground and is already strongly predominant in some parts (e.g. Vienna).
    • Word-finally and before consonants, most accents may vowelise R to [ɐ̯]~[ə̯], but in different ways. Vowelisation is commonest after long vowels and /ə/, where it is also prescribed in the broadcasting standard. A majority of speakers, however, vowelise R after short vowels, too. The resulting diphthongs may be contracted and length distinctions before vowelised R may be lost. The degree to which this happens differs regionally and idiolectally.
    • Before the syllable -en /ən/, many speakers also vowelise R, though this is commonest in fast or casual speech, and consonantal realisations may be retained depending on the rhythm of the phrase as well as the formality of the context.
  • Zäpfchen-R, Zäpfchen-r
  • Zungenspitzen-R, Zungenspitzen-r

R - Hungarian

Pronunciation

  • (phoneme): IPA: [ˈr]
  • (letter name): IPA: [ˈɛrː]

Letter

R (upper case, lower case r)

  1. The twenty-ninth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called err and written in the Latin script.

Declension

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
Possessive forms of R

R - Ido

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /ɾ/

Letter

R (lower case r)

  1. The eighteenth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

R - Italian

Pronunciation

  • (phonemic realization) IPA: /r/

Letter

R f or m (invariable, upper case, lower case r)

  1. The sixteenth letter of the Italian alphabet, called erre and written in the Latin script.

R - Japanese

Pronunciation

  • IPA: [ɾe̞ːɰᵝa̠]

Proper noun

R(れいわ) • (Reiwa) 

  1. Abbreviation of 令和 (Reiwa).

R - Latin

Alternative forms

Proper noun

R

  1. Abbreviation of Roma, Rome.
  2. Abbreviation of Romanus, Roman.
  3. Abbreviation of Rufus.

Noun

R

  1. (Catholicism) Abbreviation of responsorium, responsory, breviary.
  2. (Judaism) Abbreviation of rabbī.

Adjective

R (plural RR)

  1. Abbreviation of reverendus, holy, reverend.
  2. Abbreviation of reverendissimus, most holy, most reverend.

Derived terms

R - Latvian

Pronunciation

  • IPA: [ɾ]

Letter

R (upper case, lower case r)

  1. The twenty-fifth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called er and written in the Latin script.

R - Malay

Pronunciation

  • (Name of letter) IPA: [ar]
  • (Phoneme, Syllable initial) IPA: [r]
  • (Phoneme, Syllable final) IPA: [(r)]

Letter

R

  1. The eighteenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

R - Nupe

Pronunciation

  • (phoneme): IPA: /ɾ/

Letter

R (upper case, lower case r)

  1. The twentieth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.

R - Polish

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /ɛr/

Letter

R (upper case, lower case r)

  1. The twenty-third letter of the Polish alphabet, called er and written in the Latin script.

R - Portuguese

Letter

R (upper case, lower case r)

  1. The eighteenth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

R - Romani

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /r/

Letter

R (upper case, lower case r)

  1. (International Standard) The twenty-second letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
  2. (Pan-Vlax) The twenty-third letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

R - Romanian

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /r/

Letter

R (upper case, lower case r)

  1. The twenty-first letter of the Romanian alphabet, called er, re, or rî and written in the Latin script.

R - Skolt Sami

Pronunciation

  • (phoneme) IPA: /r/

Letter

R (lower case r)

  1. The twenty-seventh letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

R - Slovene

Letter

R (capital, lowercase r)

  1. The 18th letter of the Slovene alphabet. Preceded by P and followed by S.

R - Somali

Pronunciation

  • (phoneme): IPA: /r/
  • (letter name): IPA: /ræ/

Letter

R upper case (lower case r)

  1. The eighth letter of the Somali alphabet, called ra and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

  1. The eighth letter of the Somali alphabet, which follows Arabic abjad order. It is preceded by D and followed by S.

R - Spanish

Letter

R (upper case, lower case r)

  1. the 19th letter of the Spanish alphabet

R - Turkish

Letter

R (upper case, lower case r)

  1. The twenty-first letter of the Turkish alphabet, called re and written in the Latin script.

R - Vietnamese

Pronunciation

  • (Hà Nội) IPA: [ʔɛ˧˧ zəː˨˩], [zəː˨˩]
  • (Huế) IPA: [ʔɛ˧˧ ʐəː˦˩], [ʐəː˦˩]
  • (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA: [ʔɛ˧˧ ɹəː˨˩], [ɹəː˨˩]
  • Phonetic: e rờ, rờ

Letter

R (upper case, lower case r)

  1. The twenty-second letter of the Vietnamese alphabet, called e-rờ or rờ and written in the Latin script.

R - Welsh

Pronunciation

  • (standard) IPA: /ɛr/
    • (informal) IPA: /r/

Letter

R (upper case, lower case r)

  1. The twenty-second letter of the Welsh alphabet, called er and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by Ph and followed by Rh.

Mutation

  • R cannot be mutated in Welsh.

R - Yoruba

Pronunciation

  • (phoneme): IPA: /ɾ/
  • (letter name): IPA: /ɾí/

Letter

R (upper case, lower case r)

  1. The nineteenth letter of the Yoruba alphabet, called rí and written in the Latin script.

R - Zulu

Letter

R (upper case, lower case r)

  1. The eighteenth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.
Meaning and Definition of R
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